JGH: 患有胃肠道出血的终末期肾病患者的内镜检查率较低与死亡率较高有关

2022-01-10 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

肾病泛指肾脏的各种疾病。慢性肾脏病(CKD)定义:各种原因引起的慢性肾脏结构和功能障碍(肾脏损害病史大于3个月),包括肾GFR正常和不正常的病理损伤、血液或尿液成分异常,及影像学检查异常。

近期有研究显示,与没有肾病(NRD)的患者相比,接受血液透析的终末期肾病(ESRD)患者发生胃肠道出血(GIB)的风险更高。消化道(GI)出血是终末期肾病(ESRD)患者的重要并发症。与一般人群相比,慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者GI出血风险增加5倍。血液透析患者因体外循环使用抗凝血药导致GI出血风险增加,而腹膜透析和移植患者虽未使用抗凝血药,其GI出血风险也很高。ESRD患者常服用抗血小板药,导致患者出血风险增加。此外,晚期CKD患者血小板功能障碍也可增加出血风险。对此,本项研究旨在使用国家住院患者样本 (NIS) 数据库进行了一项基于人群的研究,以研究 GIB 在 ESRD 中的结果。

 

研究人员使用 ICD-9 疾病诊断代码从 NIS 数据库中提取 2005 年至 2013 年因 GIB(上下)入院的患者,然后将患者分为 NRD 组和 ESRD 组,并进行 1:1 倾向匹配分析。最后比较了两组的各种临床结果,还进行了基于内镜检查时间的亚组分析。

 

该研究共纳入 218,032 名患者。患有 GIB 的 ESRD 患者住院人数随着时间的延长显著增加,但是死亡率逐年降低(p<0.001)。与 NRD 相比,ESRD 患者的住院死亡率、住院时间和总费用显着更高。与 NRD 相比,ESRD 患者接受内镜检查的可能性较小(p<0.001)。晚期内窥镜检查(>48 小时)与输血需求和医疗保健利用增加相关,但与早期内窥镜检查相比,死亡率没有显着差异。在多变量分析中,内窥镜检查与 GIB 的 ESRD 患者的死亡率显着降低相关(OR 0.28,p <0.0001)。

 

本项研究发现患有 GIB 的 ESRD 患者死亡率显着更高,医疗保健利用率更高,但是内镜评估率更低。在多变量分析中,内窥镜检查与较低的死亡率相关。

原始出处:

Rajat Garg. Et al. Lower rates of endoscopy and higher mortality in end-stage renal disease patients with gastrointestinal bleeding: A propensity matched national study. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2022.

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    2022-01-10 ms2000000182667314

    学习了

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