血液系统肿瘤患者的营养治疗专家共识

2022-04-09 中国抗癌协会肿瘤营养专业委员会 肿瘤代谢与营养电子杂志

血液系统肿瘤患者诊治过程中普遍存在营养不良,化疗作为血液系统肿瘤最重要的治疗手段,进一步加剧患者的营养不良,其最主要的原因是化疗引起的恶心、呕吐及摄食减少。诱导治疗后C反应蛋白的显著升高,提示感染发生

中文标题:

血液系统肿瘤患者的营养治疗专家共识

发布日期:

2022-04-09

简要介绍:

血液系统肿瘤患者诊治过程中普遍存在营养不良,化疗作为血液系统肿瘤最重要的治疗手段,进一步加剧患者的营养不良,其最主要的原因是化疗引起的恶心、呕吐及摄食减少。诱导治疗后C反应蛋白的显著升高,提示感染发生率及炎症水平均较高,这在一定程度上可能干扰机体代谢、加剧营养状态的恶化。血液系统肿瘤患者的营养不良表现为体质指数异常、人体成分异常、整体/综合评估异常和生化指标异常。血液系统肿瘤患者营养治疗的原则与其他肿瘤类似,肠内营养为主,肠外营养为辅。但是,需要注意补充特殊营养剂:(1)谷氨酰胺;(2)针对“粒细胞减少”的饮食;(3)ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸;(4)牛初乳及大豆饮食。通过营养筛查和评估,为处于不同治疗阶段的血液系统肿瘤患者制定营养治疗方案,及时、恰当地进行个体化营养治疗,可显著改善血液系统肿瘤患者营养状况、预防营养不良及相关并发症,降低治疗相关不良反应风险,提高耐受性、疗效及生活质量。 

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