发展性阅读障碍、阅读习得和统计学习:怀疑论者指南

2021-10-01 Brain Sci . 2021 Aug 28;11(9):1143

许多理论提出发展性阅读障碍是由低水平的神经、认知或知觉缺陷引起的。例如,统计学习是一种认知机制,它允许学习者检测刺激流中的概率模式,并将这种模式的知识推广到类似的刺激。统计学习和阅读能力之间的联系是间

中文标题:

发展性阅读障碍、阅读习得和统计学习:怀疑论者指南

英文标题:

Developmental Dyslexia, Reading Acquisition, and Statistical Learning: A Sceptic’s Guide

发布机构:

发布日期:

2021-10-01

简要介绍:

许多理论提出发展性阅读障碍是由低水平的神经、认知或知觉缺陷引起的。例如,统计学习是一种认知机制,它允许学习者检测刺激流中的概率模式,并将这种模式的知识推广到类似的刺激。统计学习和阅读能力之间的联系是间接的,中间技能,例如经常出现的字母的知识,可能因果依赖于统计学习技能,进而导致阅读能力的个体差异。我们讨论了关于统计学习和阅读能力之间的联系实际上意味着什么的理论问题,并审查了这种缺陷的证据。然后,我们描述和模拟“噪声链假设”,其中提出的原因与阅读能力的最终状态之间的每个中间环节都会降低低水平缺陷与阅读的最终状态结果之间的相关系数。我们得出以下结论:(1)经验上,有证据表明统计学习能力和阅读能力之间存在相关性,但没有证据表明这种关系是因果关系,(2)理论上,关注两者之间的完整因果链一个远因和发展性阅读障碍,而不仅仅是远因和阅读能力的两个终点,对于理解潜在的过程是必要的,(3)统计学上,统计学习和阅读能力之间联系的间接性质意味着相关性被其他影响变量稀释,导致迄今为止大多数研究的效力不足,并且 (4) 实际上,尚不清楚在教学儿童阅读中引用统计学习的概念可以获得什么。

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    2022-07-13 414476912

    学习到了

    0

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    2021-12-21 一己怀

    学习了,很实用

    0

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    2021-12-01 冷小落

    学习了,很实用

    0