笔记详情
标题
Metformin
内容
Metformin is a member of the biguanide class of antihyperglycemic agents and has been recently revealed to have anti-tumorogenic effects [30, 31]. Metformin decreases hepatic glucogenesis, increases insulin sensitivity, enhances peripheral glucose uptake, and decreases glucose absorption from the gastrointestinal tract [32]. On the cellular level, metformin inhibits mitochondrial complex 1, which interferes with oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and energetic stress [33]. Epidemiologic studies have shown that metformin lowers cancer risk and improves cancer outcomes in diabetic patients when compared with patients treated with other types of antihyperglycemic agents [34, 35]. Therefore, metformin has been repurposed as therapy in gynecologic and non-gynecologic cancers [36] and is currently being evaluated in various clinical trials [36]. The most evaluated mechanism of metformin’s antihyperglycemia and anti-tumor activity is the activation of AMPK [36]. Metformin has also been demonstrated to induce SIRT1 levels in hepatic cancer lines [24].
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来源
Zaid Al-Wahab. Oncotarget. 2015 Mar 12
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