PLoS Med:阿尔茨海默病新药研究结果或受季节影响!分析3000多人23年的数据发现,与冬春相比,夏秋季节老人的认知能力年轻近5年

2018-10-17 奇点糕 奇点网

近日, 来自多伦多大学的研究人员对3353名老年人进行了检查,发现无论是否患有阿尔茨海默病,老年人在夏末秋初的时候认知能力都要比冬春季好,二者的认知水平出现了4.8年的差异!研究者还通过RNA测序找到了季节与认知之间具体的联系,这项研究发表Plos Medicine上 。

近日, 来自多伦多大学的研究人员对3353名老年人进行了检查,发现无论是否患有阿尔茨海默病,老年人在夏末秋初的时候认知能力都要比冬春季好,二者的认知水平出现了4.8年的差异!研究者还通过RNA测序找到了季节与认知之间具体的联系,这项研究发表Plos Medicine上 。

嗯~~4.8年啊,且不说老年人认知下降较快,就算让奇点糕回忆5年以前,那也是一只更聪明伶俐的年轻糕啊~

没错了,秋天果然是最好的季节!

此前就有研究者发现,人类行为和生理功能、包括大脑功能与季节是有关的。比如说冬季易发季节性情感障碍,春季易发精神分裂症。此外,随着季节的变化,大脑的活跃程度、注意力和记忆力都是会发生变化的。

还有一些研究表明,季节可能会影响年轻人的认知能力,但我们不能说这是个普遍规律,因为还缺乏来自老年人的数据。

今天的这项研究正好填补了这个空缺!

这项研究的3353名参与者来自5个不同的队列和临床研究,平均随访时间长达23年。所有参与者都接受了认知能力测试以及一系列的临床生物标记物诊断,以确定是否患有影响认知功能的阿尔茨海默病。其中2761名参与者基线认知正常。

在随访期间,共有1410名参与者死亡,其中507名参与者捐出了大脑,让科学家可以分析大脑基因表达的变化。

507名参与者在死后捐赠了大脑,为科学献身,致敬!

在3个队列中,研究者发现,认知正常的老人们,认知水平和季节有很大的关系!

有2个队列数据都显示,参与者在夏季和秋季的综合认知得分比冬春两季高了0.13分;另外一个队列中这个数字则是0.19分。综合3个队列的所有数据,老人在夏秋的认知评分比冬春高了0.14,认知水平和年龄小4.8岁的参与者相当哦!

研究者分析了具体的认知变化,发现季节对工作记忆、知觉速度等两个方面的影响是最大的,其他方面影响就一般般了。研究者还分析了其他可能会影响从测试结果的因素,比如说测试的时间、抑郁与否、睡眠情况、运动情况和激素水平等,发现调整之后结果也没有变化。


认知测试水平与季节变化的关系

既然季节会影响认知测试的结果,那不由得让人想到,这是否会对认知相关疾病的诊断产生影响呢?

结果是肯定的!在这2761名认知正常的参与者中,有813人在随访中诊断出了轻度认知障碍(MCI)或阿尔茨海默病(AD),而季节对诊断影响巨大!从直接的数据来看,在冬春季进行诊断的话,达到MCI或AD标准的几率高出24%!

这一结果在调整了多种因素之后,影响依旧显着。

除了认知测试之外,连生物标志物也会受到季节的影响。AD两大病理特征β淀粉样蛋白沉淀和tau蛋白的水平都会随着季节变化,而且在夏秋季明显少于冬春季,与认知测试的波动是一致的。


Aβ42与季节的关系

研究者分析了志愿者捐献的大脑,检测了他们前额叶背外侧皮层(DLPFC)的基因表达变化,发现与认知相关的基因表达总体就与季节变化有着显着的相关性!

研究者最终筛选出5个基因,他们认为这些基因很可能与AD的病理相关,是重要的修饰因子。

从上述研究结果来看,阿尔茨海默病的诊断与季节密切相关,临床上很多轻度认知障碍患者在诊断后回复正常认知很可能是受到季节的影响,这可能造成临床试验和临床实践中的错误分类。

从另一个角度来看,研究发现的一些相关机制也可能为今后的治疗提供新方向,以改善患者的认知水平。

对于咱们这些离疾病还远着的青年人,咳咳,脑子最好使的季节来啦,你还不快去学习~?

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    2018-10-17 kafei

    有趣的研究,了解一下谢谢

    0

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