Lancet:对于冠状动脉造影和PCI辐射暴露的担心是多余的

2015-11-28 fsy 译 MedSci原创

经桡动脉心脏导管插入术比传统的经股动脉有较低的出血和血管并发症。然而,经桡动脉心脏导管插入术潜在增加的辐射暴露是这种方法的一个可能的缺点。辐射显著增加的经桡动脉心脏导管插入术是否超过它的好处是不清楚的。因此,该研究的目的是比较对于冠状动脉造影和经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)经桡动脉和经股动脉之间的辐射影响。

经桡动脉心脏导管插入术比传统的经股动脉有较低的出血和血管并发症。然而,经桡动脉心脏导管插入术增加的潜在辐射暴露是这种方法的一个可能的缺点。显著增加辐射的经桡动脉心脏导管插入术是否利大于弊,尚未有明确答案。因此,该研究的目的是比较对于冠状动脉造影和经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)经桡动脉和经股动脉之间的辐射影响。

研究人员通过检索PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library的数据库中的相关数据和交叉引用相关的随机对照试验(RCTs)文章做了一项系统回顾和荟萃分析,比较了在1989年1月1日和2014年6月3日之间发表的和辐射参数。三个研究人员独立的对可能相关的研究进行分类,另外两人提取数据。研究人员专注于透视时间和剂量面积乘积的初级辐射的结果,并使用Meta回归,以评估随时间的变化。次要终点是操作者的辐射暴露和手术时间。研究人员同时使用了逆差额加权的固定效应和随机效应模型进行了主要分析,对观察性研究做了验证性分析。

在1252项记录中研究人员确定了24个已经公布的RCTs,共涉及到19328例的数据。主要的分析表明,对于诊断的冠状动脉造影,与经股动脉相比,经桡动脉小幅度增加了荧光检查的时间(加权平均差异[WMD],固定效果:1.04分钟,95%Cl 0.84-1.24,P<0.0001),PCI(1.15分钟,95%Cl 0.96-1.33,P<0.0001)。经桡动脉途径对于冠状动脉造影诊断有较高的比释动能区域(WMD,固定效果:1.72戈瑞·cm2,95%Cl:-0.10至3.55;p=0.06),对于PCI也有显著较高的释动能面积乘积(0.55戈瑞·cm2,95%Cl 0.08-1l.02,p=0.02)。对于PCI平均操作辐射剂量,经桡动脉途径基本保护是107μSv(SD 110),经股动脉途径为74μSv(68);有了补充保护,经桡动脉途径剂量减少到21μSv(17),经股动脉途径减少到46μSv(9)。荟萃回归分析表明,两个程序之间透视时间在过去20年的总体差异显著减少了75%,从1996年的2 min到2014年的约30秒(P<0.000)。在观察性研究中,差异和影响大小保持与随机对照试验是一致。

对于诊断和干预的过程,与经股动脉途径相比,经桡动脉途径能够显著但小幅度增加辐射暴露。由于随着时间的推移辐射暴露的差异逐渐缩小,这个小幅度的临床意义是不确定的,不太可能超过了经桡动脉途径的临床益处。

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    2016-04-26 howi
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    2015-11-29 jiyangfei
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    2015-11-29 sodoo

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BMJ Open hear:糖尿病合并急性冠脉综合症的早期有创检查还未充分开展

医学指南上建议糖尿病合并急性冠脉综合征(ACS)的患者应早期开展有创检查。对于糖尿病患者是否合并了急性冠状动脉综合征,冠状动脉造影(CAG)和影像下血管重建技术这两种检测手段在他们身上是否有着相同的应用范围,一些学者对此展开了调查和研究。该研究是一个源于全国性的队列研究,数据来源于丹麦国家医疗信息登记中心。本项研究的研究对象收集于2005年-2007年间丹麦国内第一次因“急性冠脉综合征”发作而入院