Prog Retin Eye Res:视网膜退行性病变的细胞替代和保存疗法

2017-03-16 luowenbo MedSci原创

细胞疗法为视网膜退行性病变如年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)和视网膜色素变性(RP的治疗),提供了多种选择。AMD受遗传因素与环境危险因素控制,而RP主要是一种单基因遗传病。虽然对于新生血管性AMD的患者尚有治疗方法,但对于绝大部分AMD的患者并无治疗方法。目前两种细胞疗法正处于临床试验阶段。

视网膜退行性病变的细胞替代与保存疗法

细胞疗法为视网膜退行性病变如年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)和视网膜色素变性(RP的治疗),提供了多种选择。AMD受遗传因素与环境危险因素控制,而RP主要是一种单基因遗传病。虽然对于新生血管性AMD的患者尚有治疗方法,但对于绝大部分AMD的患者并无治疗方法。目前两种细胞疗法正处于临床试验阶段。

细胞替代疗法利用细胞圆形视网膜色素上皮细胞(RPE)来取代缺失的或有缺陷的宿主RPE细胞。这些用于治疗的细胞与本体RPE细胞在形态上与功能上具有高度相似性,具有能替代RPE在体内的职责的潜能。保存疗法利用支持细胞通过神经营养机制尽可能保留视觉功能和感官器功能。保存疗法的目的在于阻止或延缓疾病的进展,维持剩余的视觉功能。一些临床试验正在对细胞保存和替代疗法的安全性进行测试,但该细胞保存和替代疗法的疗效还需进一步评估。另外,关于免疫相关反应、嫁接细胞的寿命与功能这些普遍关注的问题,仍需要在以后的试验里解决。

本文概述细胞替代疗法和细胞保存疗法临床前和临床研究的现状,以及细胞疗法发展遇到的困难。

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    2017-07-26 ysjykql
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    2017-03-18 zutt
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    2017-03-18 sunylz