Transl Psychiatry:自闭症源自细胞沟通不畅

2014-06-30 刘铮 中国科学报

近日,加州大学圣迭戈分校医学院研究人员针对自闭症研究出一套比较新锐的理论,并对其进行了实际测试。研究结果显示,自闭症实际上是由异常的细胞通讯导致的,使用问世已逾百年的治疗嗜睡症的药物,可以恢复患有自闭症的老鼠体内的细胞活动,消除老鼠的神经失调症状。参与实验的老鼠年龄相当于人类30岁左右。相关研究成果在6月17日的在线刊物《转化精神病学(Translational Psychiatry)》

近日,加州大学圣迭戈分校医学院研究人员针对自闭症研究出一套比较新锐的理论,并对其进行了实际测试。

研究结果显示,自闭症实际上是由异常的细胞通讯导致的,使用问世已逾百年的治疗嗜睡症的药物,可以恢复患有自闭症的老鼠体内的细胞活动,消除老鼠的神经失调症状。参与实验的老鼠年龄相当于人类30岁左右。相关研究成果在6月17日的在线刊物《转化精神病学(Translational Psychiatry)》中发表。【原文下载

该研究的主要负责人,医学、儿科与病理学教授Robert K. Naviaux博士表示:“这一发现与此前认为的自闭症是由内部原因导致的理论十分契合。在已知的与自闭症有关的致病原因中,有20%的遗传因素,但大部分病因并非如此。将基因与环境分离开思考并不合理。实际上,基因与环境会互相作用,作用的结果就是新陈代谢。”

他还表示:“自闭症的普遍症状是代谢紊乱。细胞有代谢物环和核苷酸环绕,所谓的代谢物环是由参与新陈代谢的微小分子组成的。”

细胞在受到微生物(如病毒或细菌)威胁或破坏后,抑或受到外力、化学物质(如污染)影响时,会发生免疫反应进行防御,细胞膜会变厚。此后,新陈代谢过程被改变,受影响最大的是细胞“能量工厂”线粒体,细胞之间的通讯会显著减少。

Naviaux 解释称,这种反应的减少十分危险,如果持续下去,将产生不可逆转的机体损伤。如果它发生在人类的幼年期,将导致神经发育迟缓。

目前,研究人员使用了一种相当有知名度的嘌呤抑制剂——苏拉明(suramin)。苏拉明会阻塞患有自闭症的老鼠体内的细胞外信号通路,结束细胞“危险”的免疫反应,随后,细胞恢复正常,实验鼠的自闭症行为及新陈代谢都得到修正。

Naviaux 表示:“很明显,修复老鼠的异常离治疗人类仍有相当长的路要走,但是,我们认为这种治疗方法是人类挑战自闭症的有益尝试。”

原始出处:


Naviaux JC1, Schuchbauer MA1, Li K2, Wang L2, Risbrough VB3, Powell SB1, Naviaux RK4.Reversal of autism-like behaviors and metabolism in adult mice with single-dose antipurinergic therapy.Transl Psychiatry. 2014 Jun 17;4:e400. doi: 10.1038/tp.2014.33.【原文下载

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    2015-05-25 bsmagic9140
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    2014-07-02 xiongke014