Ann Behav Med:结婚者长寿几率增三倍

2013-01-16 Ann Behav Med. 新浪健康 陈宗伦

       《行为医学年鉴》杂志刊登美国最新研究发现,结婚可大大提高度过中年的几率,是长寿的一大秘诀。与婚姻生活稳定的人相比,从未结婚的人早亡危险增加三倍。新研究表明,直到中年依然孤身一人会增加中年死亡危险。 新研究由杜克大学医学中心行为科学部专家艾琳·西格勒博士及其同事完成。研究发现,总体而言,中年有伴好处多多。而中年单身或者失去伴侣后不再结婚,会


       《行为医学年鉴》杂志刊登美国最新研究发现,结婚可大大提高度过中年的几率,是长寿的一大秘诀。与婚姻生活稳定的人相比,从未结婚的人早亡危险增加三倍。新研究表明,直到中年依然孤身一人会增加中年死亡危险。

新研究由杜克大学医学中心行为科学部专家艾琳·西格勒博士及其同事完成。研究发现,总体而言,中年有伴好处多多。而中年单身或者失去伴侣后不再结婚,会增加中年死亡风险,降低长寿的可能性。单身者长期孤独可能是一大主因。

西格勒博士表示,长期以来,结婚并保持稳定的婚姻一直被认为与提高生存率关系密切,对男性而言尤其如此。但是婚姻对中年死亡危险的影响一直是研究空白。新研究中,西格勒博士及其同事分析了参加北卡罗来纳大学校友心脏研究的4802名参试者的相关数据。这些参试者都出生于40年代。研究开始时,参试者大约为40岁,研究结束时,参试者均接近60岁。研究人员比较了对参试定期进行了4次问卷调查的结果。这些数据设计参试者中年婚姻状况及生活稳定性等方面信息。研究人员还调查了参试者青少年时期的性格特征、社会经济状况及健康风险行为等。

结果显示,研究期内共有238人死亡,其中32人为女性。到中年尚未结婚的人死亡危险最大,其早亡危险是拥有稳定婚姻生活人群的2.84倍。40岁之后依然单身或者失去伴侣不再结婚,会增加中年早亡危险,活到60岁的几率会大大降低。即使将性格和吸烟及酗酒等危险行为因素纳入考虑范畴,已婚人群长寿几率也比单身者高2.3倍。但是,性格乖戾和吸烟酗酒不运动等中年糟糕的生活方式会降低“结婚增寿”的效果。

多位专家分析指出,结婚对改善生活方式具有积极作用。婚姻幸福的人饮食模式更健康,拥有更多朋友的相互关照,获得的社会支持和鼓励也更多。

无独有偶,一项涉及欧洲7国的近期研究发现,结婚人群身体和心理更健康,早亡危险会降低15%。美国研究人员也发现,与从来没结婚的人相比,有伴侣支持的心脏搭桥手术患者术后15年依然健在的几率增加至少三倍。瑞典一项研究表明,结婚有助于降低日后罹患老年痴呆症危险。中年有伴侣的人,老年痴呆症危险比单身者低一半。离婚或中年丧偶会使老年痴呆症危险增加三倍。多项研究还表明,结婚者比离异或离婚者癌症生存几率更高,寿命比单身者更长。


Background
Marital status is associated with survival.
Purpose
The aims of this study are to evaluate marital history and timing on mortality during midlife, test the role of pre-marital personality, and quantify the role of health risk behaviors.
Methods
Cox proportional hazard models were run with varying classifications of marital history and sets of covariates.
Results
In fully adjusted models compared to the currently married, lifetime marital history predicts premature mortality with never married at 2.33 times risk of death and ever married at 1.64 risk of death. Midlife marital history shows that not having a partner during midlife (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.10 formerly married; HR = 2.59 remaining single) has the highest risk of death. Controlling for personality and health risk behaviors reduces but does not eliminate the impact of marital status.
Conclusion
Consistency of marital status during midlife suggests that lack of a partner is associated with midlife mortality.

    

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    2013-04-26 仁者大医
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    2013-01-18 qjddjq
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    2013-01-16 lixiangqian

    好啊,呵呵,鼓励同志们结婚去!

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