BMJ:阶梯疗法为视力障碍老年人的抑郁或焦虑开启了新希望

2015-11-24 崔倩 译 MedSci原创

对于中老年视力障碍和阈下抑郁症/或焦虑(主要由年龄相关的眼部疾病引起)患者,使用阶梯治疗与常规治疗相比,是否能够有效预防抑郁,精神抑郁,和焦虑症的发生?

对于中老年视力障碍和阈下抑郁症/或焦虑(主要由年龄相关的眼部疾病引起)患者,使用阶梯治疗与常规治疗相比,是否能够有效预防抑郁、精神抑郁和焦虑症的发生?

265例≥50岁的患者被随机分配到阶梯治疗方案加上常规治疗(n=131)或仅常规治疗(n=134)。来自低视力康复组织的监督职业治疗师、社会工作者、心理学家提供了阶梯治疗方案,其中包括观察等待、引导自我帮助的基础上认知行为治疗,解决问题的治疗和转诊到全科医生。主要结果是24个月重度抑郁心境恶劣和/或焦虑症(惊恐症、广场恐惧症、社交恐惧症和广泛性焦虑症)的累计发生率(七次测量)。次要终点是抑郁和焦虑的变化、视力相关生活质量、健康相关的生活质量、以及随着时间到24个月的随访时适应视力下降的症状。

常规治疗组62例患者(46%)和阶梯治疗组的38例患者(29%)出现了障碍。该干预可显著降低发病率(相对风险0.63,95%置信区间0.45至0.87;P=0.01),即使考虑了到事件发生的时间(校正风险比0.57,0.35至0.93;P=0.02 )。需要治疗的人数为5.8(3.5〜17.3)。退出率相当高(34.3%),但两组的概率并没有显著不同,这表明该干预像常规护理一样是可以接受的。自愿参加或被选定参这项研究的加参与者可能不能代表一般视力受损的老年人(应答者比无反应者明显年轻),从而降低了结果的普适性。

阶梯治疗对于视力障碍的老年人抑郁症和焦虑症似乎是一个有希望的方式。这种做法可能会为有抑郁和焦虑的视觉障碍老年人的筛查、监测、治疗和转诊提供标准的策略。

原始出处:

Hilde P A van der Aa,Ger H M B van Rens,Hannie C Comijs,et al.Stepped care for depression and anxiety in visually impaired older adults,BMJ,2015.11.23

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    2016-10-20 珙桐
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    2016-02-19 gaoxiaoe
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