Lancet：针对“元凶”进行干预 减少低收入国家儿童中重度腹泻

　　多国联合研究表明，针对5种病原体[轮状病毒、志贺菌、耐热肠毒素-肠产毒性大肠杆菌（ST-ETEC）、隐孢子虫、典型肠致病性大肠杆菌]的干预措施，可大大减少低收入国家儿童中重度腹泻。论文5月14日在线发表于《柳叶刀》（Lancet）杂志。

　　研究纳入9439例中重度腹泻儿童及13129名无腹泻对照。结果为，多数中重度腹泻病例由轮状病毒、隐孢子虫、ST-ETEC（伴或不伴不耐热肠毒素共表达）和志贺菌所致。随访期间，中重度腹泻患儿死亡几率为对照组8.5倍，87.9%死于2岁以内。与0~11个月婴儿死亡风险增加相关的病原体为ST-ETEC和典型肠致病性大肠杆菌，与12~23个月幼儿死亡风险增加相关病原体为隐孢子虫。

Targeting pathogens can reduce diarrheal deaths illness
Moderate-to-severe diarrhea could be reduced by using interventions targeting five pathogens —rotavirus, Shigella, heat-stable toxin Escherichia coli, Cryptosporidium, and typical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, according to study results recently published in The Lancet.
“Our results documenting the substantial burden of moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia and its close association to malnutrition show that preventive strategies targeting as few as four pathogens could potentially reduce this disease and its sequelae by about 40% during the first 2 years of life,” researchers wrote....