Neurology CP:心脏乳头状弹力纤维瘤导致脑梗死

2018-07-18 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

原发性心脏肿瘤很少见;因此,原发性心脏肿瘤栓塞非常罕见。心脏乳头状弹力纤维瘤(papillary fibroelastoma,PFE)是排在粘液瘤后面的第二位原发性心脏肿瘤(10%)。大部分PFE都是偶然发现的,至于症状性PFE往往表现为卒中或TIA。

原发性心脏肿瘤很少见;因此,原发性心脏肿瘤栓塞非常罕见。心脏乳头状弹力纤维瘤(papillary fibroelastoma,PFE)是排在粘液瘤后面的第二位原发性心脏肿瘤(10%)。大部分PFE都是偶然发现的,至于症状性PFE往往表现为卒中或TIA。

心脏乳头样弹性纤维瘤(cardiac papillary elastofibroma)系原发性良性心脏肿瘤,瘤体自瓣膜的内膜发生,主要以心内膜的纤维组织、弹力纤维,平滑肌细胞及黏多糖基质组成乳头的轴心,外膜被以增生的心内膜细胞,故称乳头样弹性纤维瘤(papillary elastic fibrous tumor)。

本病多见于老年人,其中大多数人都长期存在各种心血管疾病,故认为本病乃是继发于病变组织长期劳累磨损,引起的轻微心内膜损伤,在组织变性改变的基础上,纤维沉积并伴有继发性附壁血栓机化形成真性肿瘤。

2018年6月Ana Moreno-Est′ebanez等在Neurology: Clinical Practice上报道了3例PFE引起的脑梗死病例,见下图。

A图,3例患者的MR Flair序列显示亚急性缺血性卒中,病例1累及左侧深部结构包括尾壮核、豆状核和邻近的白质,病例2累及右侧中央前回,病例3累及左侧颞顶叶:



B图,病例1经食道超声显示起自于二尖瓣耳状面的有蒂相连的11mm移动团块(箭头),病例2显示起自于二尖瓣耳状面的14mm大小肿块,病例3起自于左心耳大小9mm的肿块。病例3中可以可到肿块磨损的边缘:



C图,心外科切除肿瘤的病理分析:病理检查显示无血管乳头状瘤,有一层内膜细胞覆盖在结缔组织基质乳突表面(左、中、右):



第一例患者采取了血管内取栓治疗,第二例推测自发再通,第三例静脉溶栓治疗,出院时三例患者的NIHSS皆为0分。作者推测三例患者皆为瘤体表面血栓形成后栓子脱落导致的脑梗死,而不是肿瘤栓子。提示再通治疗对这样的患者是有效的。

原始出处:Ana Moreno-Estébanez, Alain Luna Rodríguez, Iratxe Ugarriza Serrano, et al. Papillary fibroelastoma, an unexpected cause of stroke, Outcomes after acute reperfusion therapy. Neurology CP. May 01, 2018

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    2019-04-24 yinhl1978
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    2018-07-20 karmond
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    2018-07-18 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了长知识

    0

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    2018-07-18 龙胆草

    学习谢谢分享

    0

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