Cell Rep:阻断自噬 将癌细胞牢牢粘在原地

2016-05-16 佚名 生物谷

来自美国芝加哥大学的研究人员最近发现抑制细胞的自噬过程能够有效阻断肿瘤细胞迁移和肿瘤模型中的乳腺癌转移。这项研究表明自噬过程在肿瘤转移过程中发挥非常重要的作用,同时详细阐述了自噬促进细胞迁移的分子机制。相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Cell Reports上。

                                                          
来自美国芝加哥大学的研究人员最近发现抑制细胞的自噬过程能够有效阻断肿瘤细胞迁移和肿瘤模型中的乳腺癌转移。这项研究表明自噬过程在肿瘤转移过程中发挥非常重要的作用,同时详细阐述了自噬促进细胞迁移的分子机制。相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Cell Reports上。
 
利用遗传学和化学的方法,研究人员证明自噬是高度转移性肿瘤细胞运动和侵袭所必须的一个生物学过程。这项工作表明抑制自噬或许是临床上阻断肿瘤转移扩散的一个有效方法。
 
在研究伊始,研究人员曾提出阻断转移性癌细胞内的自噬过程是否会对癌细胞产生影响。为了探究这一问题,他们在癌细胞中敲低了自噬关键基因Atg5和Atg7,随后在time lapse显微镜下观察了癌细胞的迁移运动情况,结果发现对照癌细胞的迁移运动比较活跃,而敲低了自噬关键基因的癌细胞不能移动。"它们似乎被卡住了。"
 
研究人员将进行了敲低处理的癌细胞注射到雌性小鼠的乳腺脂肪垫,这些癌细胞能够分裂增殖,形成原位乳腺肿瘤,但是无法转移到远端位点,比如肺,肝以及骨等器官。进一步观察发现这些癌细胞在形态学上与常见癌细胞有所不同,研究人员发现这些癌细胞的黏着斑数目更多,并且异常变大。黏着斑对于癌细胞的迁移非常重要,类似于坦克的履带,而细胞自噬过程则负责细胞后部黏着斑的分解。
 
研究人员发现如果自噬受到抑制,这些迁移性肿瘤细胞无法移动,而黏着斑由于无法得到分解,就会变得越来越大,将细胞固定在一个位置。随后,研究人员又对自噬与黏着斑分解的分子机制进行了深入探讨。
 
目前临床上有一些能够阻断自噬过程的药物,主要用于疟疾的预防和治疗,同时也在延缓肿瘤生长方面进行临床检测。如果最终结果能够证明这些药物也可以有效延缓肿瘤生长,将为肿瘤治疗带来新的选择。


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    2017-05-04 徐乐乐

    好厉害

    0

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    2016-11-22 维他命
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    2016-09-30 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    拜读,好文

    0

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    2016-05-18 yxch36

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