THER ADV GASTROENTER:质子泵抑制剂会增加胃癌的风险

2022-02-26 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

胃癌(gastric carcinoma)是起源于胃黏膜上皮的恶性肿瘤,胃癌发病有明显的地域性差别,在我国的西北与东部沿海地区胃癌发病率比南方地区明显为高。

胃癌 (GC) 是全球最常见的癌症之一,每年新增患者超过 100 万,占全球所有癌症病例的 5.7%。GC 的死亡率仍然很高,每年有超过 780,000 人死亡,相当于所有癌症相关死亡人数的 8.2%。常见的 GC 风险因素是多方面的,包括环境因素,如幽门螺杆菌(HP) 感染、饮食习惯、吸烟和肥胖、萎缩性胃炎和肠化生等前体病变,以及宿主相关因素。质子泵抑制剂 (PPI) 是全球最常用的处方药之一,并且被认为是相对安全的。然而,之前的一项大型回顾性队列和病例对照研究发现PPI 的使用与GC风险增加高达 2.5 倍。因此,本项研究旨在探究质子泵抑制剂是否会增加胃癌的风险。

为了完成本项研究,两位独立评审员系统地搜索了MEDLINE、EMBASE 和 Cochrane数据库(成立至 2020 年 7 月)的病例对照和队列研究,以评估 PPI 使用与 GC 之间的关联。研究人员使用随机效应模型独立评估研究质量、提取数据和荟萃分析可用和新计算的优势比 (OR),并对 GC 部位(贲门与非贲门)和 PPI 持续时间(<1 年,1 –3 年,>3 年)进行了相关性分析。

 

研究人员总共过滤筛选了2,396条记录,其中有 5 项回顾性队列研究和 8 项病例对照研究符合纳排标准,总共包括 1,662,881 名患者。在随机效应模型中,研究人员发现 PPI 使用者的 GC 风险增加 [OR: 1.94, 95% CI (95% CI): 1.47–2.56] 。分层分析表明非贲门的胃癌风险显着增加(OR:2.20,95% CI:1.44-3.36,I2 = 77%)。随着 PPI 暴露时间的延长,GC的发生风险没有显著增加(<1 年:OR:2.29,95% CI:2.13–2.47,I2= 0%;1-3 年:OR:1.46,95% CI:0.53-4.01,I2= 35%;>3 年:OR:2.08,95% CI:0.56–7.77,I2= 61%)。

图:质子泵抑制剂会增加胃癌的风险

 

本项研究证实与对照组相比,PPI使用者的 GC 风险几乎增加了两倍。尽管 PPI 暴露与 GC 风险之间存在明显关联,因此只有在严格使用指征时才应开具 PPI处方。

原始出处:

Daniel Segna. et al. Association between proton-pump inhibitors and the risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology.2022.

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    2022-08-13 jklm09
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    2022-02-28 蝴蝶A

    质子泵抑制剂临床很常用,是否和胃癌相关

    0

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