Cell:新型寨卡病毒小鼠模型或揭示胚胎感染之谜

2016-05-17 佚名 生物谷

图片来源:medicalxpress.com近日,来自华盛顿大学医学院的研究人员通过研究开发出了两只感染寨卡病毒的怀孕小鼠模型,在小鼠机体中,寨卡病毒可以通过怀孕小鼠的血液迁移到胎盘中,随后在胎盘中复制,扩散到胎儿的机体循环并且感染胎儿的大脑,相关研究刊登于国际杂志Cell上,该研究或为开发新型抵御寨卡病毒的疫苗和疗法提供新的思路。文章作者Michael Diamond博士表示,这项研究中我们首次


图片来源:medicalxpress.com

近日,来自华盛顿大学医学院的研究人员通过研究开发出了两只感染寨卡病毒的怀孕小鼠模型,在小鼠机体中,寨卡病毒可以通过怀孕小鼠的血液迁移到胎盘中,随后在胎盘中复制,扩散到胎儿的机体循环并且感染胎儿的大脑,相关研究刊登于国际杂志Cell上,该研究或为开发新型抵御寨卡病毒的疫苗和疗法提供新的思路。

文章作者Michael Diamond博士表示,这项研究中我们首次开发出了可以在宫内传播寨卡病毒的动物模型,同时也在怀孕小鼠和后代中观察到了相应的结果。该研究或可用于疫苗试验中来帮助研究者确定对母体进行免疫是否可以保护胚胎免于感染,同时还可以帮助研究者来检测疗法,一旦母体被感染,研究人员就可以采取措施来抑制病毒在胎儿中的感染及损伤效应。

在其中一个小鼠模型中,研究者对小鼠进行遗传工程化修饰使其缺失一种名为干扰素α受体的分子,该受体分子在机体对病毒感染的免疫反应上扮演重要角色;随后研究人员在小鼠受孕一周后对其进行寨卡病毒感染,紧接着6-9天后检测怀孕小鼠胎盘和胎儿机体中的病毒水平。研究者认为,所有的小鼠模型都可以反应人类机体感染寨卡病毒的表现,在小鼠机体中,病毒会通过母体的血液进入到胎儿机体中并且感染胎儿正在发育的大脑,最终引发小头畸形症。

在遗传修饰后的小鼠机体中,寨卡病毒的感染会引发大部分胚胎死亡,而剩下的胚胎相比正常胚胎要小很多,同时母体胎盘也表现出了一些损伤效应,比如萎缩现象等,而受损伤的胎盘则不能够为发育中的胚胎提供足够的营养和氧气,从而就会导致胎儿发育迟缓以及出现各种致死性疾病。

研究者Indira Mysorekar及其同事想通过研究鉴别出病毒是利用哪种分子来进入到胎盘中的,如果研究者揭示了其中的机制那么就有可能开发出有效方法来对病毒的感染进行阻断,当然寨卡病毒最大的威胁还是对发育中胎儿的损伤,如果寨卡病毒的威胁可以消除那么公众的突发卫生事件或许会明显减少。

最后研究者表示,长期以来我们一直研究经胎盘感染发生的途径、机制以及新型疗法,本文研究中研究者开发出了用于研究寨卡病毒感染的新型小鼠模型,为后期揭示寨卡病毒引发感染的分子机制以及开发新型靶向化疗法提供了新的线索和思路。

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    2016-10-31 维他命
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    2016-05-18 ailian1202
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