Neurology：日常体力活动或降低阿尔茨海默病风险

Neurology发表了一篇神经学的新研究，研究指出：日常体力活动可能降低各个年龄阶段阿尔茨海默病与认知下降的风险。日常体力活动主要包括运动、炒菜、洗碗、做卫生、打牌及手推轮椅，这些活动低成本、方便、无副作用，任何年龄的人都能做，鼓励不能参与正式运动的老人每天进行这些活动，会使他们从中受益，降低患阿尔茨海默病的风险。

该研究有716位老人参与，他们平均年龄82岁，无痴呆。为了客观测定体力活动，除记录参与者的自述外，在他们不常用的手腕上配置一个活动监测仪，以记录其日总运动量与非运动型体力活动量，持续10天；研究期间，每年对他们进行一次认知测试，以测量其记忆和思维能力。结果是：就阿尔茨海默病发病可能性来说，日体力活动低于10%的人比日体力活动高于10%的要高2.3倍；在紧接着的随访中，71人发生了阿尔茨海默病。由此可见，体力活动是一个易变的风险因素，与认知下降和阿尔茨海默病相关联。（生物谷bioon.com）

doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182535d35
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Total daily physical activity and the risk of AD and cognitive decline in older adults

A.S. Buchman, P.A. Boyle, L. Yu, R.C. Shah, R.S. Wilson, and D.A. Bennett

Objective: Studies examining the link between objective measures of total daily physical activity and incident Alzheimer disease (AD) are lacking. We tested the hypothesis that an objective measure of total daily physical activity predicts incident AD and cognitive decline. Methods: Total daily exercise and nonexercise physical activity was measured continuously for up to 10 days with actigraphy (Actical? ; Philips Healthcare, Bend, OR) from 716 older individuals without dementia participating in the Rush Memory and Aging Project, a prospective, observational cohort study. All participants underwent structured annual clinical examination including a battery of 19 cognitive tests. Results: During an average follow-up of about 4 years, 71 subjects developed clinical AD. In a Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for age, sex, and education, total daily physical activity was associated with incident AD (hazard ratio = 0.477; 95% confidence interval 0.273-0.832). The association remained after adjusting for self-report physical, social, and cognitive activities, as well as current level of motor function, depressive symptoms, chronic health conditions, and APOEallele status. In a linear mixed-effect model, the level of total daily physical activity was associated with the rate of global cognitive decline (estimate 0.033, SE 0.012, p= 0.007). Conclusions: A higher level of total daily physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of AD.