Lancet Oncol: 癌症患者感染新冠病毒预后较差

2020-02-17 MedSci MedSci

2 月 14 日,广州医科大学第一附属医院何建行课题组在《柳叶刀—肿瘤》上发表了一篇有关中国感染新型冠状病毒的癌症患者临床特征的评论文章。

2 月 14 日,广州医科大学第一附属医院何建行课题组在《柳叶刀—肿瘤》上发表了一篇有关中国感染新型冠状病毒的癌症患者临床特征的评论文章。

文章指出, 癌症患者比没有患癌的人更容易受到感染,这是由于恶性肿瘤和抗癌治疗(如化疗或手术)使他们全身处于免疫抑制状态。因此,癌症患者可能有较高的新冠肺炎患病风险,且预后较差。

据了解,该研究收集并分析了 31 个省区市中 575 家医院的 2007 例病例。所有省市区病例均经实验室确诊为新冠肺炎而住院治疗。研究组排除了缺乏既往病史记录的 417 例患者。在入组的 1590 例新冠肺炎患者中,有 18 例有癌症病史,其中肺癌最为常见,共有 5 例。

在 18 例癌症新冠肺炎患者中,4 例在过去一个月内接受了化疗或手术治疗,12 例是一期切除术后常规随访的癌症幸存者,还有两例不清楚治疗状况。

癌症患者具有更高的感染和感染后严重事件风险

在 1590 例新冠肺炎患者中,18 例(1%)具有癌症病史,高于中国总体人群的一般癌症发病率(0.29%,来源于 2015 年癌症流行病学统计数据)。

16 例患者(另外 2 名治疗状态不详)中的 4 例(25%)在过去的一个月内接受过化疗或手术治疗,另外 12 名(75%)为癌症幸存者,在初次手术后规律随访。其中,肺癌是最常见的癌症类型(5/18 例,28%)。

与没有癌症的患者相比,有癌症病史的患者年龄偏高(中位 63.1 岁 vs 48.7 岁),具有吸烟史的比例偏高(22% vs 7%),气促更明显(47% vs 23%),基线 CT 具有严重表现的比例更高(84% vs 71%)。而性别,其他基线症状,其他合并症和 X 线的严重程度无明显差别。

但最重要的是,癌症患者比无癌症的患者具有更高的严重事件风险(严重事件是一个复合终点,定义为进入 ICU 需要有创机械通气或死亡的比例),两者分别是 39% 和 8%(P = 0.0003)。

当重症终点同时纳入上述客观事件和医生临床判断时,也观察到类似的升高趋势(50.0% vs. 15.6%,P=0.0008)。

癌症患者疾病恶化更迅速

与没有接受化疗或手术的患者相比,在过去一个月内接受过化疗或手术的患者(6/14,42.9%)临床严重事件的风险更高(75% vs 43%)。

调整年龄,吸烟史和其他合并症等风险因素后进一步证实了更高风险(OR 5.34,P = 0.0026)。癌症史是严重事件的最高风险因素。在癌症患者中,高龄是严重事件的唯一风险因素(OR 1.43,P = 0.072)。肺癌患者发生严重事件的风险并不高于其他肿瘤患者(20% vs 62%)。

使用 Cox 回归模型评估时间依赖性严重事件的发生风险,发现和无癌症的患者相比,癌症患者疾病恶化更迅速(中位严重事件发生时间,13 天 vs 43 天,P<0.0001;HR 3.56)。

研究人员建议,对于稳定型癌症,应考虑在疫情地区推迟辅助化疗或择期手术;加强对癌症患者和癌症幸存者的个人保护;当癌症患者感染新型冠状病毒后,尤其是老年患者或其他合并症患者,应加强监测或治疗。

原始出处:

Wenhua Liang, Weijie Guan, Ruchong Chen, et al. Cancer patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nationwide analysis in China. Lancet Oncol,2020.

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    2020-11-10 minlingfeng
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    2020-07-18 howi
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    2020-02-18 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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    2020-02-18 anti-cancer

    谢谢梅斯分享这么多精彩信息

    0

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