Sci Transl Med:“嗅查”癌症的智能刀(iKnife)

2013-07-19 MedSci 生物360

日前,匈牙利德布勒森大学与英国伦敦帝国学院生物科学家们开发出了一种“智能刀”,可以即刻告诉外科医生他们正在切割的组织是否癌变。 研究人员在手术室中测试了这一发明,这一“iKnife”智能刀以 100% 的准确率诊断了来自 91 名患者的组织样本,即时提供了通常采用实验室测试需半个小时才能得到的信息。 对于实体瘤而言,手术切除癌症通常是最好的治疗方法。通常外科医生会切除掉肿瘤以及边界的健康组织。

日前,匈牙利德布勒森大学与英国伦敦帝国学院生物科学家们开发出了一种“智能刀”,可以即刻告诉外科医生他们正在切割的组织是否癌变。

研究人员在手术室中测试了这一发明,这一“iKnife”智能刀以 100% 的准确率诊断了来自 91 名患者的组织样本,即时提供了通常采用实验室测试需半个小时才能得到的信息。

对于实体瘤而言,手术切除癌症通常是最好的治疗方法。通常外科医生会切除掉肿瘤以及边界的健康组织。然而仅凭视觉通常无法判断哪些是癌变组织。五分之一的乳腺癌患者需要接受二次手术以完全切除癌症。在不确定的情况下,医生会将切除的组织送往实验室进行检测,而这时患者仍处于全身麻醉的状态。

iKnife 是基于上世纪20年代发明,目前仍然常用的一项技术——电外科手术。手术电刀利用电流快速加热切割组织,同时将失血降至最低。在这一过程中,它们会汽化组织,产生烟雾,通常情况下是通过抽吸系统来吸走这些烟雾。

iKnife 的发明者、伦敦帝国学院的 Zoltan Takats 意识到,这种烟雾是一种丰富的生物信息源。为了制造出 iKnife ,他将一把手术电刀与一台质谱仪连接到一起,利用后者可以鉴别存在于样品中的化学物质。不同类型的细胞可以生成成千上万不同浓度的代谢产物,因此生物学样品中的化学物质谱可以揭示出该组织的状态信息。

在这项新研究中,研究人员首次使用 iKnife 分析了来自 302 名外科手术患者的组织样本,记录了成千上万癌组织,其中包括脑癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌和肝癌,和非癌组织的特征,生成了一个参考数据库。在手术过程中, iKnife 通过将它的读值与参考数据库相匹配,可以确定正在切割的是什么组织类型,在小于 3 秒的时间内给出结果。

随后,这一技术被传送到手术室对手术过程进行实时分析。在所有 91 项测试中, iKnife 鉴别的组织类型均与传统方法做出的术后诊断结果相匹配。

在 iKnife 的测试过程中,外科医生不能看到它的读值结果。研究人员希望能够开展一项临床试验,来看看让外科手术医生获得 iKnife 分析,是否可以改善患者的结果。

Takats 博士表示,“这些结果提供了令人信服的数据,表明 iKnife 可以应用于广泛的癌症手术操作中。它几乎即刻就可以提供结果,使得外科医生能够以之前不可能达到的精确水平完成操作。我们相信,它有潜力降低肿瘤的复发率,使得更多的患者得以生存。”

Takats 博士指出,尽管当前的研究侧重于癌症诊断, iKnife 还可以识别许多其他特征,例如血液供应不足的组织,或是组织中的细菌类型。他还开展了实验,利用这一技术来区分马肉和牛肉。

原始出处:

Júlia Balog, László Sasi-Szabó, James Kinross, Matthew R. Lewis, Laura J. Muirhead,Kirill Veselkov, Reza Mirnezami, Balázs Dezső, László Damjanovich, Ara Darzi,Jeremy K. Nicholson and Zoltán Takáts. Intraoperative Tissue Identification Using Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Sci Transl Med 17 July 2013; DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3005623

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2088914, encodeId=139120889143f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=250a96199c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#iKnife#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9619, encryptionId=250a96199c, topicName=iKnife)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8f9279, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Sun Dec 22 22:38:00 CST 2013, time=2013-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067128, encodeId=7872206e128e0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Sat May 31 01:38:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656583, encodeId=937816565835c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Mon Jun 16 04:38:00 CST 2014, time=2014-06-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1605994, encodeId=7faf16059949a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Jul 21 01:38:00 CST 2013, time=2013-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2013-12-22 slcumt
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2088914, encodeId=139120889143f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=250a96199c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#iKnife#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9619, encryptionId=250a96199c, topicName=iKnife)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8f9279, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Sun Dec 22 22:38:00 CST 2013, time=2013-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067128, encodeId=7872206e128e0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Sat May 31 01:38:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656583, encodeId=937816565835c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Mon Jun 16 04:38:00 CST 2014, time=2014-06-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1605994, encodeId=7faf16059949a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Jul 21 01:38:00 CST 2013, time=2013-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2088914, encodeId=139120889143f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=250a96199c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#iKnife#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9619, encryptionId=250a96199c, topicName=iKnife)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8f9279, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Sun Dec 22 22:38:00 CST 2013, time=2013-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067128, encodeId=7872206e128e0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Sat May 31 01:38:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656583, encodeId=937816565835c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Mon Jun 16 04:38:00 CST 2014, time=2014-06-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1605994, encodeId=7faf16059949a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Jul 21 01:38:00 CST 2013, time=2013-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-06-16 bsmagic9140
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2088914, encodeId=139120889143f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=250a96199c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#iKnife#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9619, encryptionId=250a96199c, topicName=iKnife)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8f9279, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Sun Dec 22 22:38:00 CST 2013, time=2013-12-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067128, encodeId=7872206e128e0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Sat May 31 01:38:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656583, encodeId=937816565835c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Mon Jun 16 04:38:00 CST 2014, time=2014-06-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1605994, encodeId=7faf16059949a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Jul 21 01:38:00 CST 2013, time=2013-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]