Science:实验室细胞污染影响科学进步

2015-03-05 佚名 生物谷

"我认为自己是一个修正者",科罗拉多大学的遗传学家Christopher  Korch说到。Korch的主要希望改正的是目前实验室中的细胞培养物的污染问题。在过去15年期间,他发表的文章中有78株广泛应用的细胞系被证明受到了污染。例如,甲状腺细胞系中含有膀胱癌细胞成分,正常的子宫组织事实上完全变成了乳腺癌细胞。这些污染都对基础科研造成很大的困扰。以前他一直以为自己是野外的一个微弱的声

"我认为自己是一个修正者",科罗拉多大学的遗传学家Christopher  Korch说到。Korch的主要希望改正的是目前实验室中的细胞培养物的污染问题。在过去15年期间,他发表的文章中有78株广泛应用的细胞系被证明受到了污染。例如,甲状腺细胞系中含有膀胱癌细胞成分,正常的子宫组织事实上完全变成了乳腺癌细胞。这些污染都对基础科研造成很大的困扰。以前他一直以为自己是野外的一个微弱的声音,直到不久前他发现自己成为了改革的促进者。"很多时候科学家都会忽视我的这些发现",korch说到:"我发表的文章没有引起任何一篇文章的撤回,引起的相关改正也不到10篇而已,尽管每一项发现都与成百上千篇文章有关系"。而现在他拥有了许多的同盟,而且他希望通过新的方式:对大量的文章与研究里面可能含有的细胞污染情况进行系统的分析,从而说服那些固执的科学家。

目前korch的相关研究结果正在审稿中,而看过他的初稿的科学家们都被打动,进而希望做出改变,其中就有华盛顿大学的微生物学家Ferric Fang。Fang是Infection and immunity的编委,他希望能够在全美微生物协会的大会中以这一问题做相关报告。然而他也指出并不是所有的污染都会造成数据质量的下降。有相当一部分的研究结果即使存在细胞污染,也是十分可信的;另外,他也认为Korch的研究并不能实际上对细胞污染造成的经济损失估价。Korch则认为现在需要对自满风气严重的学术界敲敲警钟。
 
Korch是一个个子高高的瑞典老头。他从1995年来到科罗拉多州任职,便接管了DNA测序的技术工作,同时他是当今世界上杰出的细胞系遗传鉴定方面的专家。
 
说到细胞系,最初都是在原代细胞培养的基础上建立得到的。这些原代细胞往往难以培养,增殖,而且会快速死亡。永生化的细胞系保留了原代细胞的一些特点,同时具备了易于培养,可以无限传代的特点,因此成为实验室中对基础科学问题的探索以及药物开发前期实验方面的最佳对象。然而,永生化既是细胞系的优点,也是它们的弱点所在。当经过数十年的不断繁育,从实验室到实验室的不断传递,很容易被其它细胞系所污染,而且"入侵者"往往具有生存优势,将会替代原有的细胞类型,导致面目全非。Korch的研究认为当今实验室中的细胞系至少有20%是存在污染的。
 
长话短说,Korch经过一系列的实验,找到了两株存在严重污染的"明星"细胞系。一个是HEp-2细胞系,在他的统计结果中,有发表在1182种杂志上的5789篇文章中使用的HEP-2存在癌细胞HELA的污染,另外一个是INT 407细胞系,有发表在271种杂志的1336篇文章中使用的这种细胞系同样受到了HELA的污染。根据他的估算,这两种污染对初始研究总共造成的经济损失达到7亿美元,而对后续的跟踪研究造成的经济损失达到35亿美元。然而不仅是经济方面的影响。这种实验材料的不纯净,造成后续实验结果的不可靠,将会对基础科学的发展造成不可估量的影响。
 
原始出处
 
Jill Neimark.Line of attack.Science.2014
 

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375004, encodeId=b0b713e5004a7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Mar 07 04:03:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1472462, encodeId=1e0414e24621c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ba4a6436107' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#污染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=17, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64361, encryptionId=ba4a6436107, topicName=污染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dfe67217539, createdName=小刀医生, createdTime=Sat Mar 07 04:03:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=17682, encodeId=19db1e68216, content=细胞必须做STR, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=223.104.5.**, createdTime=Thu Mar 05 14:44:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=17681, encodeId=ba1b1e68123, content=国内细胞,至少一半是错的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=223.104.5.**, createdTime=Thu Mar 05 14:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-07 jichang
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375004, encodeId=b0b713e5004a7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Mar 07 04:03:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1472462, encodeId=1e0414e24621c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ba4a6436107' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#污染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=17, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64361, encryptionId=ba4a6436107, topicName=污染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dfe67217539, createdName=小刀医生, createdTime=Sat Mar 07 04:03:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=17682, encodeId=19db1e68216, content=细胞必须做STR, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=223.104.5.**, createdTime=Thu Mar 05 14:44:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=17681, encodeId=ba1b1e68123, content=国内细胞,至少一半是错的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=223.104.5.**, createdTime=Thu Mar 05 14:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375004, encodeId=b0b713e5004a7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Mar 07 04:03:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1472462, encodeId=1e0414e24621c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ba4a6436107' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#污染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=17, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64361, encryptionId=ba4a6436107, topicName=污染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dfe67217539, createdName=小刀医生, createdTime=Sat Mar 07 04:03:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=17682, encodeId=19db1e68216, content=细胞必须做STR, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=223.104.5.**, createdTime=Thu Mar 05 14:44:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=17681, encodeId=ba1b1e68123, content=国内细胞,至少一半是错的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=223.104.5.**, createdTime=Thu Mar 05 14:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-05 223.104.5.**

    细胞必须做STR

    0

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    2015-03-05 223.104.5.**

    国内细胞,至少一半是错的

    0