Trends Microbiol:昌增益研究组发表有关肠道细菌抗酸机制综述

2012-04-10 北京大学 北京大学

哺乳动物胃里的极端酸性环境能杀死绝大部分进入的细菌而成为一道天然屏障,但像大肠杆菌这样的肠道细菌却能够在这样的恶劣环境中生存下来并最终抵达其长久生存的肠道(pH值为中性)。多年来,肠道细菌抵抗胃部极端酸性条件而生存下来的机制是一个有趣的研究领域。昌增益教授实验室十多年前涉足此领域,在国际权威学术刊物上发表多篇研究论文,包括Nature Chemical Biology, Journal of Bi

哺乳动物胃里的极端酸性环境能杀死绝大部分进入的细菌而成为一道天然屏障,但像大肠杆菌这样的肠道细菌却能够在这样的恶劣环境中生存下来并最终抵达其长久生存的肠道(pH值为中性)。多年来,肠道细菌抵抗胃部极端酸性条件而生存下来的机制是一个有趣的研究领域。昌增益教授实验室十多年前涉足此领域,在国际权威学术刊物上发表多篇研究论文,包括Nature Chemical Biology, Journal of Biological Chemistry和Biochemical Journal。基于多年的研究成果,近期被Cell Press旗下的权威综述刊物Trends in Microbiology主编邀请撰写综述文章,系统总结该领域近年的进展。该文于2012年3月29日在线发表。

昌增益教授实验室有关抗酸分子伴侣蛋白HdeA的作用机制和功能研究,最初的工作是由当时的本科生洪暐哲同学(就读于清华大学生物科学与技术系)开始的。洪暐哲同学高中一年级开始在昌增益教授实验室接受科研训练,经过几年的研究他们发现HdeA蛋白质分子发挥作用的机制极其独特。在pH中性的环境中,该蛋白质分子具有折叠好的三维空间结构,但却没有生物学活性,而只有当其处于极端酸性条件下并被转变无规则结构的条件下才具有生物学活性(Hong et al., 2005, “Periplasmic Protein HdeA Exhibits Chaperone-like Activity Exclusively within Stomach pH Range by Transforming into Disordered Conformation”, J. Biol. Chem., 280:27029-27034.)。这一现象有异于一般的“蛋白质必须具有三维空间结构才具有生物学活性的”传统概念。之后另外一位本科生吴叶同学(就读于北京大学生命科学学院)加入与洪暐哲继续开展有关研究,发现了HdeA蛋白质分子伸展肽链在极端酸性条件下的“双亲性”特征(即类似磷脂分子功能,既能与水分子相互作用也能与油类分子相互作用)对其发挥抗酸功能至关重要(Wu et al, 2008, “Conserved Amphiphilic Feature Is Essential for Periplasmic Chaperone HdeA to Support Acid Resistance in Enteric Bacteria”, Biochem. J., 412:389-397.)。现就读于美国斯坦福大学的博士生洪暐哲和吴叶夫妇是此篇发表在Trends in Microbiology综述文章的并列第一作者。

关于抗酸分子伴侣蛋白HdeA接下来的工作是由昌增益教授的博士研究生张萌同学完成的。通过与北京大学化学与分子工程学院陈鹏特聘研究员合作,张萌同学研究了在极端酸性条件下大肠杆菌细胞中的HdeA蛋白质分子所结合并保护的“底物蛋白”(也被称为“客户蛋白”),结果发现其它以前认为不参与细菌抗酸的其它分子伴侣在极端酸性条件下也被HdeA保护了,并在细胞恢复中性的过程中发挥了保护其它蛋白质的功能(Zhang et al., 2011, A genetically incorporated crosslinker reveals chaperone cooperation in acid resistance, Nat. Chem. Biol., 7:671-677。这种独特的“分子伴侣保护分子伴侣”机制也是第一次被揭示,文章被选为当期的封面文章。Nature Asia-Pacific于2011年9月5日在其网站上将该工作作为亮点进行介绍,美国化学会的官方杂志《化学与工程新闻》(Chemical & Engineering News)以News Coverage的形式于2011年9月7日报道了这一工作。

昌增益教授于1997年获得国家杰出青年科学基金,目前担任国家重大科学研究计划项目“膜蛋白的生成、修饰、组装及质量控制”(2012年-2016年)的首席科学家。他1998年开始先后在清华大学和北京大学任教授、博士生导师。目前担任北京大学生命科学学院副院长,北京大学跨院系蛋白质科学中心主任。同时也是北大科学史与科学哲学中心兼职教授。他目前担任的其它学术职务包括:国际蛋白质学会执委、亚太地区蛋白质学会主席、中国生物化学与分子生物学会常务理事和蛋白质专业委员会主任委员、中国生物物理学会理事、《中国科学 生命科学》(Science China Life Sciences)常务副主编以及Journal of Biological Chemistry、IUBMB Life和Protein Science等国际学术刊物的编委。昌增益教授实验室除了开展蛋白质功能、作用机制和活性调节方面的研究外,同时也利用线虫和细菌为模式生物开展生物衰老和休眠机制方面的研究。(生物谷 bioon.com)

doi:10.1016/j.tim.2012.03.001
PMC:
PMID:

Chaperone-dependent mechanisms for acid resistance in enteric bacteria

Weizhe Hong, Ye E. Wu1, Xinmiao Fu1, Zengyi Chang

The extremely acidic environment of the mammalian stomach not only serves to facilitate food digestion but also acts as a natural barrier against infections of food-borne pathogens. Many pathogenic bacteria, such as enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, can breach this host defense and cause severe diseases. These pathogens have evolved multiple intricate strategies to overcome the bactericidal activity of acids. In particular, recent studies have uncovered the central roles of two periplasmic chaperones, HdeA and HdeB, in protecting enteric bacteria from extremely acidic conditions. Here, we review recent advances in the understanding of the acid resistance mechanisms of Gram-negative bacteria and focus on the mechanisms of HdeA and HdeB in preventing acid-induced protein aggregation and facilitating protein refolding following pH neutralization.

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    2012-04-11 sunylz
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1785258, encodeId=a5601e8525837, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51906e79a6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ENDS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6779, encryptionId=51906e79a6, topicName=ENDS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=82ba2500166, createdName=ms1467340776200723, createdTime=Fri Apr 13 12:48:00 CST 2012, time=2012-04-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1766772, encodeId=92e71e66772a1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=64f5343e2f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Biol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3437, encryptionId=64f5343e2f, topicName=Biol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=446937890434, createdName=12498ebem31暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Feb 17 11:48:00 CST 2013, time=2013-02-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1916872, encodeId=155f19168e2e9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f26341994' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Bio#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3419, encryptionId=4f26341994, topicName=Bio)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Wed Apr 11 06:48:00 CST 2012, time=2012-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2084066, encodeId=dbcb2084066cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=61f411e013b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Micro#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11701, encryptionId=61f411e013b, topicName=Micro)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d59291, createdName=xjy02, createdTime=Sat May 19 00:48:00 CST 2012, time=2012-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1857279, encodeId=ae34185e27962, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3f48525849' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CRO#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5258, encryptionId=3f48525849, topicName=CRO)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c30265, createdName=jiafufeng@yaho, createdTime=Mon Sep 17 15:48:00 CST 2012, time=2012-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1905679, encodeId=0ebe19056e922, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2ebd1e7981a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#trend#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17798, encryptionId=2ebd1e7981a, topicName=trend)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ced3193, createdName=freve, createdTime=Wed Jul 04 02:48:00 CST 2012, time=2012-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1369844, encodeId=85e8136984433, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f4081e22b0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道细菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81722, encryptionId=4f4081e22b0, topicName=肠道细菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9d17305, createdName=listen318, createdTime=Thu Apr 12 14:48:00 CST 2012, time=2012-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2012-05-19 xjy02
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1785258, encodeId=a5601e8525837, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51906e79a6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ENDS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6779, encryptionId=51906e79a6, topicName=ENDS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=82ba2500166, createdName=ms1467340776200723, createdTime=Fri Apr 13 12:48:00 CST 2012, time=2012-04-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1766772, encodeId=92e71e66772a1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=64f5343e2f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Biol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3437, encryptionId=64f5343e2f, topicName=Biol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=446937890434, createdName=12498ebem31暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Feb 17 11:48:00 CST 2013, time=2013-02-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1916872, encodeId=155f19168e2e9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f26341994' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Bio#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3419, encryptionId=4f26341994, topicName=Bio)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Wed Apr 11 06:48:00 CST 2012, time=2012-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2084066, encodeId=dbcb2084066cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=61f411e013b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Micro#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11701, encryptionId=61f411e013b, topicName=Micro)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d59291, createdName=xjy02, createdTime=Sat May 19 00:48:00 CST 2012, time=2012-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1857279, encodeId=ae34185e27962, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3f48525849' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CRO#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5258, encryptionId=3f48525849, topicName=CRO)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c30265, createdName=jiafufeng@yaho, createdTime=Mon Sep 17 15:48:00 CST 2012, time=2012-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1905679, encodeId=0ebe19056e922, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2ebd1e7981a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#trend#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17798, encryptionId=2ebd1e7981a, topicName=trend)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ced3193, createdName=freve, createdTime=Wed Jul 04 02:48:00 CST 2012, time=2012-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1369844, encodeId=85e8136984433, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f4081e22b0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道细菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81722, encryptionId=4f4081e22b0, topicName=肠道细菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9d17305, createdName=listen318, createdTime=Thu Apr 12 14:48:00 CST 2012, time=2012-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2012-07-04 freve
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Cancer Pre Res:药物二甲双胍或有助预防原发性肝癌

近日,美国马里兰大学医学院研究人员日前公布研究报告称,他们完成的动物研究显示,常用糖尿病药物二甲双胍或许有助于预防原发性肝癌。美国《癌症预防研究》Cancer Prevention Research杂志4月刊以封面文章的形式刊登了相关研究报告。 研究人员培育了一批易患原发性肝癌的模型小鼠,然后给其中部分小鼠食物中添加二甲双胍。他们发现,服用二甲双胍的小鼠患原发性肝癌的比例比对照组低57%;服药后

Science:小分子可刺激小鼠软骨再生

4月5日,国际著名杂志Science在线刊登的一项新的研究报告中称,一种叫做kartogenin的小分子可在小鼠中刺激软骨的再生。这些发现提示,该分子可以成为一种针对骨关节炎的新的以药物为基础的疗法;骨关节炎是一种以慢性关节疼痛和能力丧失为特征的普遍的退行性关节疾病。位于健康和有病关节中的间充质干细胞是多能成体干细胞,它们有分化成为各种细胞类型的能力,人们怀疑其参与软骨的修复。 Kristen