Diabetes:非肥胖型糖尿病(NOD)小鼠β细胞中Synaxin 4的增加可防止向自身糖尿病的转化

2021-10-18 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

NOD小鼠是日本学者对远交系Jal:ICR鼠进行近交培育第6代时从白内障易感亚系中分离出非肥胖糖尿病品系(NOD)和非肥胖正常品系)。

背景及目的:NOD小鼠是日本学者对远交系Jal:ICR鼠进行近交培育第6代时从白内障易感亚系中分离出非肥胖糖尿病品系(NOD)和非肥胖正常品系)。在近交第20代时发现NOD小鼠中60%~80%雌鼠和20%~30%雄鼠可自发性发展为胰岛素依赖性糖尿病。更有趣的是在无菌环境饲养的NOD小鼠患病率明显高于在普通环境饲养的小鼠。12~14周鼠可出现糖尿病症状而雄鼠较鼠稍迟。病理学研究表明大约在3-4周鼠龄时就有少量单核细胞浸润胰岛。10周鼠龄时则出现严重的糖尿病,表明后期的调节事件控制着疾病的进展。在NOD鼠胰腺中单核细胞浸润的成分很复杂。Syntaxin 4 (STX4)是一种细胞质膜定位的SNARE蛋白,可调节人胰岛β细胞的胰岛素分泌和胰岛β细胞的存活。我们发现,人类1型糖尿病(T1D)和非肥胖糖尿病(NOD)小鼠的胰岛均显示β细胞STX4表达减少,这与STX4表达减少是T1D表型的潜在驱动因素相一致。为了验证这一假设,我们培养了可诱导的β细胞特异性表达STX4的NOD小鼠(NOD-iβSTX44)。

结果:在25周龄时,73%的NOD-iβSTX4小鼠血糖稳定正常,而对照组NOD (NOD- ctrl)小鼠血糖低于20%。12周龄时,在糖尿病发生之前,NOD-iβSTX4小鼠表现出比NOD-Ctrl小鼠更好的全身糖耐量和β细胞糖反应性。与NOD-Ctrl小鼠相比,NOD-iβSTX4胰腺β细胞数量增加,β细胞凋亡减少。单细胞RNA测序显示,来自NOD-iβSTX4的胰岛细胞通过NF-ĸB显著降低了胰岛β细胞中的IFNγ和TNFα信号,包括减少趋化因子CCL5的表达。CD4 Treg细胞也在NOD-iβSTX4胰岛中富集。

NOD小鼠转化为糖尿病和β细胞特异性stx4在小鼠胰岛过表达的验证。(A)来自日本宇宙航空研究开发机构实验室的希望之城中NOD小鼠的转化率。(B)STX4与胰岛素(INS,β细胞)免疫荧光共定位,而不与胰高血糖素(GCG,α细胞)共定位,标尺=50µm。(C)多西环素(Dox)处理组小鼠下丘脑和小脑中STX4蛋白(35 KDa)水平(饮水中1 mg/ml,连续8周)。IB:免疫印迹各处理组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。浴缸:微管蛋白。N=3只/组。

青年7周龄NOD和NOD-Iβstx4小鼠血浆α胰岛素含量与胰岛素炎症的关系。(A)7周龄雌性NOD-I NOD-IβSTX_4(绿色)与NOD-Ctrl小鼠(DTG,NO Dox,黄色)的血浆胰岛素含量,以刺激指数(给糖后10min/禁食6小时(葡萄糖/基础))表示。数据代表每组3只小鼠的平均±扫描电镜。(B)从3-4只NOD-IβSTX4(绿色)或NOD-Ctrl(黄色)小鼠计算胰岛素炎评分。

STX4调节CXC L10mRNA水平。(A)STX4过表达或(B)STX4基因敲除对细胞因子诱导的INS1832/13β-细胞CXCL10mRNA表达的影响。数据代表了使用不同传代细胞的三个独立实验;*p<0.05。

结论:这些结果为STX4在β细胞保护中的作用提供了更深入的机制理解,并为进一步研究STX4富集作为逆转或防止人类T1D的发生发展及保护β细胞功能提供了依据。

原文出处:

Oh E,  McCown EM,  Ahn M,et al.Syntaxin 4 enrichment in β-cells prevents conversion to autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice.Diabetes 2021 Sep 23

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    2021-10-21 419040982

    很好!

    0

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