Cell:I型糖尿病疗法新突破

2014-10-15 koo 生物360

哈佛大学的干细胞研究人员宣布,他们朝着寻找到真正有效的I型糖尿病疗法迈进了一大步。以人类胚胎干细胞作为起点,科学家们第一次生成了满足细胞移植和医药用途所需的、大量的生成胰岛素的β细胞,它们在大多数方面都与功能正常的β细胞相当。这项新的研究工作发布在10月9日的《细胞》(Cell)杂志上。 领导这一研究的是Douglas Melton,在23年前他年幼的儿子被确诊患有1型糖尿病,

哈佛大学的干细胞研究人员宣布,他们朝着寻找到真正有效的I型糖尿病疗法迈进了一大步。以人类胚胎干细胞作为起点,科学家们第一次生成了满足细胞移植和医药用途所需的、大量的生成胰岛素的β细胞,它们在大多数方面都与功能正常的β细胞相当。这项新的研究工作发布在10月9日的《细胞》(Cell)杂志上。

领导这一研究的是Douglas Melton,在23年前他年幼的儿子被确诊患有1型糖尿病,自此之后他一直致力于寻找这种疾病的治疗方法。Melton的女儿Emma同样也罹患1型糖尿病

Melton说,他希望在数年内能够开展利用这些细胞的人类移植试验。“我们现在离终点线只有临床前研究这一步之遥。”

“在你通过多种途径对它进行测试之前,你永远不能确定这样做将是否能够起作用。我们向三种葡萄糖负荷小鼠给予了这些细胞,它们均作出了适当的反应;这真是令人兴奋,”Melton说。

“知道我们能够做到一直以来认为可能实现的事情,真是令人感到高兴。许多人觉得它无法起作用。如果我们证实了这是不可能的,那我将不得不放弃这种方法。而现在我的能量满满。”

Melton说,当前他们正在一些包括非人类灵长类动物在内的动物模型中,对这些干细胞衍生的β细胞进行试验。

洛克菲勒大学教授、霍华德休斯医学研究所研究员Elaine Fuchs(未参与该研究)将这项研究誉为是“迄今为止干细胞领域最重要的研究进展之一,我和世界各地的许多人们一起为我的同事所取得的这一非常成果鼓掌喝彩。”

“几十年来,研究人员一直试图生成在一些条件下能够长期培养及传代,并且可以生成胰岛素的人类胰腺β细胞。Melton和他的同事们现在克服了这一障碍,为糖尿病的新药研发和移植治疗打开了大门,”Fuchs说。

伊利诺大学外科学、内分泌学和糖尿病及生物工程系副教授And Jose Oberholtzer博士说:“在 Cell 杂志上描述的这项新研究工作将会在糖尿病的历史上留下一道印迹。Doug Melton一辈子在刻苦努力地寻找一种在体外生成人类胰岛细胞的方法。他做到了。这是一个非凡的成就。”

1型糖尿病是一种机体杀死自身所有生成胰岛素的胰腺β细胞的自身免疫代谢性疾病(延伸阅读:Science医学:新型糖尿病DNA疫苗 )。因此,开发治疗的最后临床前步骤涉及保护移植到每个治疗患者体内的近1.5亿细胞免受免疫系统攻击。Melton正与麻省理工学院Koch研究所及医学工程学与科学学院化学工程学系副教授、应用生物学教授Daniel G. Anderson合作,开发一种移植设备来保护这些细胞。

Melton说,Anderson和麻省理工学院的同事们当前正在测试这一设备,到目前为止它已保护移植到小鼠体内的β细胞细胞免于免疫攻击达数月。“它们仍然在产生胰岛素,”Melton说。

Anderson评价Melton实验室的这项新工作是“糖尿病一个极其重要的进展。毫无疑问,能够通过控制干细胞分化生成葡萄糖反应性的人类β细胞细胞,将加速开发出新的疗法。尤其是,这一进展为等待细胞治疗的糖尿病患者提供无限的组织供应打开了大门。

该研究的资助机构青少年糖尿病研究基金会(Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation)的首席执行官Richard A. Insel博士说:“JDRF对于Melton和他的研究小组朝着大规模生成成熟的功能性人类β细胞取得的这一进展激动不已。这一重要成果有潜力成为I 型糖尿病患者胰岛置换的细胞资源,并有可能为发现一些β细胞疗法提高β细胞的生存或再生,以及开发出一些筛查标记物来监测β细胞监控和存活,指导疾病所有阶段的治疗策略提供了一个资源。”

原始出处:

Pagliuca FW1, Millman JR1, Gürtler M1, Segel M1, Van Dervort A1, Ryu JH1, Peterson QP1, Greiner D2, Melton DA3.Generation of Functional Human Pancreatic β Cells In Vitro.Cell. 2014 Oct 9;159(2):428-39. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.040.

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    2014-12-11 zxxiang
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1724878, encodeId=6cca1e24878e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9ee758586bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新突破#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58586, encryptionId=9ee758586bb, topicName=新突破)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=792a33728807, createdName=zxxiang, createdTime=Thu Dec 11 19:29:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26113, encodeId=6069261132e, content=好好学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Fri Jun 05 16:33:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1868916, encodeId=0d751868916fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Mon Jun 08 22:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959161, encodeId=2179195916121, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Sun Jul 05 09:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20534, encodeId=b2612053496, content=控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 23:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-06-05 ljjj1053

    好好学习学习

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1724878, encodeId=6cca1e24878e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9ee758586bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新突破#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58586, encryptionId=9ee758586bb, topicName=新突破)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=792a33728807, createdName=zxxiang, createdTime=Thu Dec 11 19:29:00 CST 2014, time=2014-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26113, encodeId=6069261132e, content=好好学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Fri Jun 05 16:33:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1868916, encodeId=0d751868916fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Mon Jun 08 22:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959161, encodeId=2179195916121, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Sun Jul 05 09:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20534, encodeId=b2612053496, content=控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 23:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2015-07-05 维他命
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    2015-04-11 x35042875

    控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。

    0