Chest:荟萃分析显示哮喘患者可有选择地使用β受体阻滞剂

2013-12-20 sd3212 dxy

由于担心引起支气管的急性收缩,β受体阻滞剂一般应避免用于患有支气管哮喘的患者。而β受体阻滞剂的急性暴露、及其对β2受体激动剂抢救治疗的潜在拮抗作用,是哮喘患者应用此类制剂所面临的最大风险。为了对上述风险进行较为全面的评估,来自英国邓迪大学医学研究所,质量安全及情报学组的Daniel R. Morales及其同事进行了一项研究,研究结果在线发表于2013年11月7日的CHEST杂志上。研究结果显示:

由于担心引起支气管的急性收缩,β受体阻滞剂一般应避免用于患有支气管哮喘的患者。而β受体阻滞剂的急性暴露、及其对β2受体激动剂抢救治疗的潜在拮抗作用,是哮喘患者应用此类制剂所面临的最大风险。

为了对上述风险进行较为全面的评估,来自英国邓迪大学医学研究所,质量安全及情报学组的Daniel R. Morales及其同事进行了一项研究,研究结果在线发表于2013年11月7日的CHEST杂志上。研究结果显示:支气管哮喘患者对选择性β受体阻滞剂有更好的耐受性,但并非完全无风险。通过选用尽可能小的剂量、以及对β1受体有更高选择性的β阻滞剂,可减少哮喘患者对此类药物急性暴露的风险。

该研究是一项系统回顾性研究。研究者检索了相关的数据库,确定了其中与评估哮喘患者急性β受体阻滞剂暴露相关的,所有随机、双盲、安慰剂对照临床试验。研究者使用随机效应荟萃分析方法,对急性β受体阻滞剂暴露所引起的呼吸功能、临床症状、以及对β2受体激动剂的反应等变化情况进行了汇总分析,并对相关研究进行了异质性分析。

该研究的主要结果为:急性暴露于给定剂量的选择性β受体阻滞剂,可使受试者的FEV1平均减少6.9%;其中,FEV1减少量≥20%的比例为1/8;受试者症状受影响的比例为1/33;此外,其还能使的合用的β2受体激动剂的效果衰减10.2%。急性暴露于给定剂量的非选择性β受体阻滞剂,对受试者的影响则为:FEV1平均减少10.2%;FEV1减少量≥20%的比例为1/9;受试者症状受影响的比例为1/13;并能使合用的β2受体激动剂的效果衰减20%。随后的异质性分析发现,塞利洛尔与拉贝洛尔之间存在明显的差异。同时,选择性β受体阻滞剂急性暴露,对受试者上述影响的量-效关系也在研究得到了证实。

该研究结果显示:支气管哮喘患者对选择性β受体阻滞剂有更好的耐受性,但并非完全无风险。通过选用尽可能小的剂量、以及对β1受体有更高选择性的β阻滞剂,可减少哮喘患者对此类药物急性暴露的风险。使用给定剂量的β2受体激动剂,可部分缓解由β受体阻滞剂引起的支气管痉挛。但与选择性β受体阻滞剂相比,由非选择性β受体阻滞剂引起的支气管痉挛对β2受体激动剂抢救治疗的反应更差。

研究者认为,哮喘患者或可在个体化风险评估的基础上使用β受体阻滞剂。

原始出处:
Morales DR, Jackson C, Lipworth BJ, Donnan PT, Guthrie B.Adverse respiratory effect of acute beta-blocker exposure in asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Chest. 2013 Nov 7. doi: 10.1378/chest.13-1235

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    2014-07-17 Smile2680
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    2013-12-22 zhyy88
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8种病夜间会加重:哮喘、关节炎、胃食管反流

有些疾病白天不来过多“纠缠”,晚上躺下后却会让人痛苦不堪。英国《每日邮报》近日载文,刊出多位专家对8种夜间会加重的疾病的分析及相关建议。 1.哮喘。夜间咳嗽是哮喘的常见症状,61%哮喘患者表示夜里睡不好觉。英国哮喘协会专家黛博拉·瓦德尔表示,哮喘患者夜间气急和气喘等症状更严重。多种理论认为这与人体24小时昼夜节律有关。压力激素皮质醇等激素夜间变化会影响到呼吸道。夜间呼吸最慢,血液携氧量降低,肺脏

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近日,复旦大学附属中山医院呼吸科暨上海市呼吸病研究所陈智鸿医师为第一作者,白春学教授、金美玲教授为共同作者的一篇题为《IL-27介导的CD4+T细胞分化抑制的耐受是由于IL-4作用下STAT1磷酸化障碍引起》的论文发表于美国过敏、哮喘和免疫学会(AAAAI)的官方杂志《过敏症和临床免疫学杂志》(J Allergy Clin Immun 2013, 132: 912)。研究者在前人基础上进一