Cell:个体化基因组测序或加速个体化疗法的开发

2015-07-17 佚名 生物谷

试想一下,假如你携带着一张存有由30亿个A、T、C、G字母组成的基因组的信用卡片,通过简单的信用卡刷卡就可以立刻帮助医生来判断药物对你自身是有益还是有害的;而这就是美国总统奥巴马起初投资2.15亿美元用于开发新型个体化疗法的目标。 近日刊登在国际杂志Cell上的一篇研究论文中,来自宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员的研究成果又再次地推进了个体化疗法的开发;这项研究开始于一种名为噻唑烷二酮(TZDs)的抗糖

试想一下,假如你携带着一张存有由30亿个A、T、C、G字母组成的基因组的信用卡片,通过简单的信用卡刷卡就可以立刻帮助医生来判断药物对你自身是有益还是有害的;而这就是美国总统奥巴马起初投资2.15亿美元用于开发新型个体化疗法的目标。

近日刊登在国际杂志Cell上的一篇研究论文中,来自宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员的研究成果又再次地推进了个体化疗法的开发;这项研究开始于一种名为噻唑烷二酮(TZDs)的抗糖尿病药物,该药物对于部分糖尿病患者(20%至30%)非常有效,而对于其他患者则没有任何效果,有时候反而还会引发严重的副作用。

因此研究者就推测之所以会导致某些患者服用TZDs有效,而某些患者则会引发副作用,关键是个体基因组区域的小型差异引发的突变所致,而特殊的基因组区域可以控制基因的开启或关闭,就好象灯的开关一样,而这种区域名为基因调控区域,当细胞核受体吸附到DNA上时调控区域就会通过开启基因来发挥作用。

目前市场上的许多药物,比如TZDs就可以通过结合细胞核受体来发挥作用,而细胞核受体可以调节基因的开启/关闭,研究者发现,基因组开关区域中四种碱基序列的单一改变或许就可以帮助预测药物是否会影响患者的病情。每种药物都会存在一定的风险,而揭示这些风险和个体遗传编码的关系或许可以帮助有效开发个体化疗法。

确定一个人基因组的价值归根结底是关键点,或许在未来5至10年里这项技术会被广泛应用,当然每个人都会进行全基因组测序,流行病学家和统计学家就会将个体的基因组差异分析联系起来,同时将会指导患者药物有效性的研究和探索。鉴别出特殊的遗传预测器来确定哪些患者对药物有反应,哪些患者对药物没反应或许是实现个体化疗法开发的关键一步。

最后研究者指出,这项研究提出了很多问题和机遇,细胞核受体是许多疾病治疗的关键靶点,而我们也希望通过后期的深入研究揭示更多的药物作用靶点,同时更多地开发人类基因组的测序,为新型个体化疗法及诊断技术的开发提供基础和思路。

原始出处:

Raymond E. Soccio, Eric R. Chen, Satyajit R. Rajapurkar, Pegah Safabakhsh, Jill M. Marinis, Joanna R. Dispirito, Matthew J. Emmett, Erika R. Briggs, Bin Fang, Logan J. Everett, Hee-Woong Lim, Kyoung-Jae Won, David J. Steger, Ying Wu, Mete Civelek, Benjamin F. Voight, Mitchell A. Lazar.Genetic Variation Determines PPARγ Function and Anti-diabetic Drug Response In Vivo.Cell.July 2, 2015.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.06.025

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    2016-05-24 智智灵药
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