Cell:惊人发现!细胞周期时钟控制胚胎干细胞多能性

2015-08-10 佚名 生物谷

近日,一篇刊登在国际著名杂志Cell上的研究报道中,来自新加坡A*STAR基因组研究所的研究人员通过研究首次揭示细胞周期时钟控制多能干细胞分化的分子机制,相关研究或为理解细胞分化机制,以及开发新型潜在疗法提供思路。胚胎干细胞并不能分化为特殊类型的细胞,当其出于多能性状态时才可以,细胞周期分为四个阶段:G1、S、G2及M期,此前有研究发现胚胎干细胞的细胞分化尽在G1期才开始,而由于G1期的特性才会

近日,一篇刊登在国际著名杂志Cell上的研究报道中,来自新加坡A*STAR基因组研究所的研究人员通过研究首次揭示细胞周期时钟控制多能干细胞分化的分子机制,相关研究或为理解细胞分化机制,以及开发新型潜在疗法提供思路。

胚胎干细胞并不能分化为特殊类型的细胞,当其出于多能性状态时才可以,细胞周期分为四个阶段:G1、S、G2及M期,此前有研究发现胚胎干细胞的细胞分化尽在G1期才开始,而由于G1期的特性才会促进细胞的谱系规范,而其它三个细胞周期特性的缺失被认为可以阻碍癌细胞的分化。

这项研究中研究人员利用高通量的筛选技术首次发现,在S和G2期胚胎干细胞可以维持自身的多能性,也就是说胚胎干细胞可以积极地抵御分化过程;另外研究者还表示,当存在DNA损伤时,胚胎干细胞就不会发生分化,以便抑制缺乏基因组稳定性的特殊分化细胞的产生。

研究者Kevin Gonzales教授说道,目前有许多研究都专注于研究是什么使得胚胎干细胞可以维持未分化的状态,因此找出幕后操纵者对于理解细胞的分化乃至开发新型疗法提供了新的希望。本文中研究者决定去寻找调节胚胎干细胞维持多能性的调节子,他们利用小鼠胚胎干细胞进行了多种功能性筛选研究,早在2010年研究者就在人类的胚胎干细胞中进行了唯一的功能性筛选,这项研究中研究者再次进行了人类胚胎干细胞的筛选,其相比利用小鼠胚胎干细胞更加靠近临床。

随后研究者将研究视线从研究干细胞调节的G1期中心视角转移到了不同细胞周期阶段扮演不同角色来调节干细胞命运的平衡视角上了;研究者表示,细胞周期S和G2期可以采取一些活化途径来抑制胚胎干细胞的分化,因此当这些活性途径缺失时就会使得干细胞进入分化阶段,本文研究以细胞多能性为基础,对理解人类干细胞的特性提供了新的思路和见解。

原文出处:

Kevin Andrew Uy Gonzales,Hongqing Liang.Deterministic Restriction on Pluripotent State Dissolution by Cell-Cycle Pathways.Cell.2015

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    2016-03-13 智智灵药
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    2015-08-11 ailian1202
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