Cell Metab:操纵Tyk2成功逆转小鼠肥胖

2013-05-06 mumu 生物谷

2012年12月5日讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --根据美国国家癌症研究所(National Cancer Institute),大约有68%的美国成年人超重或肥胖,这使得他们具有更大的风险患癌症、心血管疾病、糖尿病及一系列其他慢性疾病。但弗吉尼亚联邦大学梅西癌症中心的研究人员,通过操纵酪氨酸蛋白激酶-2(Tyk2)的产生,成功地逆转了小鼠中的肥胖症。科学家研究发现,Tyk2通过棕色脂肪组织(BAT

2012年12月5日讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --根据美国国家癌症研究所(National Cancer Institute),大约有68%的美国成年人超重或肥胖,这使得他们具有更大的风险患癌症、心血管疾病、糖尿病及一系列其他慢性疾病。但弗吉尼亚联邦大学梅西癌症中心的研究人员,通过操纵酪氨酸蛋白激酶-2(Tyk2)的产生,成功地逆转了小鼠中的肥胖症。科学家研究发现,Tyk2通过棕色脂肪组织(BAT)的分化帮助调控小鼠和人类中的肥胖。

该项研究首次给出了Tyk2和BAT之间关系的证据,相关研究成果已在线发表于Cell Metabolism。

该研究小组此前的研究发现,Tyk2帮助抑制乳腺癌和生长和转移,而本文的研究表明,Tyk2可能帮助预防肥胖甚至逆转肥胖。

此前,科学家们已经通过表达信号传导与转录激活因子3(Stat3),能够逆转不表达Tyk2的小鼠中的肥胖。Stat3能介导多种调节胞内过程的基因的表达。研究发现,Stat3与PRDM16形成复合物,恢复了BAT的形成,减少了肥胖。

此外,研究人员发现,小鼠体内的Tyk2水平受饮食调节。随后,研究人员对来自人体的样本进行检测,结果发现,肥胖患者中Tyk2水平降低了50%多。

该项研究成果,为研究和开发新的药物及营养物质用于肥胖治疗,开辟了新的潜在途径。

脂肪有2种不同类型:白色脂肪组织(WAT)和褐色脂肪组织(BAT)。WAT是能量储存的主要部位,BAT则负责能量消耗,以维持体温。BAT贮存存在于所有哺乳动物中,科学家一直认为,BAT仅活跃于婴儿中,在成年人中不活跃。就在过去的4年里,科学家才认识到,BAT存在于成年人中,并帮助调节能量支出。此外,研究表明,BAT活动的减少与代谢综合征相关,代谢综合征是一组医学疾病的总称,能增加心血管疾病和糖尿病的风险。研究人员估计,代谢综合征可能影响着多达25%的美国人口。

该项研究中,观察到了一些非常有趣的现象,但也有很多问题有待回答。研究人员计划进一步研究Tyk2和Stat3的作用,来更好地了解褐色脂肪组织形成的内在机制。这一研究有望为一系列肥胖相关疾病的治疗提供新的靶标。

肥胖相关的拓展阅读:

Tyk2 and Stat3 regulate brown adipose tissue differentiation and obesity.
Abstract
Mice lacking the Jak tyrosine kinase member Tyk2 become progressively obese due to aberrant development of Myf5+ brown adipose tissue (BAT). Tyk2 RNA levels in BAT and skeletal muscle, which shares a common progenitor with BAT, are dramatically decreased in mice placed on a high-fat diet and in obese humans. Expression of Tyk2 or the constitutively active form of the transcription factor Stat3 (CAStat3) restores differentiation in Tyk2(-/-) brown preadipocytes. Furthermore, Tyk2(-/-) mice expressing CAStat3 transgene in BAT also show improved BAT development, normal levels of insulin, and significantly lower body weights. Stat3 binds to PRDM16, a master regulator of BAT differentiation, and enhances the stability of PRDM16 protein. These results define Tyk2 and Stat3 as critical determinants of brown fat lineage and suggest that altered levels of Tyk2 are associated with obesity in both rodents and humans.

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    2014-01-30 guojianrong
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    2013-07-14 维他命
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    2013-08-15 一闲