Mol Cell:干细胞牛人Cell子刊探讨癌症与“垃圾”DNA

2015-03-29 何嫱 生物通

来自Whitehead生物医学研究所、Dana-Farber癌症研究所的研究人员,在一项研究中揭示出了称作为超级增强子(super-enhancers)的基因控制元件是如何作为功能部件将多个信号通路集中于一些关键基因处以及调节转录活性的。这项研究工作表明,这些基因控制元件为一些信号通路提供了平台,调控在正常细胞和癌症中控制细胞身份的关键基因。研究论文发表在《分子细胞》(Molecular Cell

来自Whitehead生物医学研究所、Dana-Farber癌症研究所的研究人员,在一项研究中揭示出了称作为超级增强子(super-enhancers)的基因控制元件是如何作为功能部件将多个信号通路集中于一些关键基因处以及调节转录活性的。

这项研究工作表明,这些基因控制元件为一些信号通路提供了平台,调控在正常细胞和癌症中控制细胞身份的关键基因。研究论文发表在《分子细胞》(Molecular Cell)杂志上。

领导这一研究的是Whitehead生物医学研究所的Richard A Young博士,Young是人类胚胎干细胞调节通路的先驱,也是世界知名的基因组研究专家,他为利用组学工具研究干细胞做出了重要的贡献。

早在2005年,他的实验室在《Cell》杂志上首次报道人胚胎干细胞中三个维持多能性的重要基因——Oct4,Sox2和Nanog在全基因组上的结合情况,揭示这三个基因协同作用维持胚胎干细胞多能性的分子机制,并提出核心转录因子调控网络的概念,突破了研究单个基因在干细胞中作用的限制,开创了从整体水平了解干细胞复杂调控机制的新时代。

2013年,Young领导Whitehead研究所的科学家们率先发现了超级增强子这一强有力的基因调控子,并在Cell杂志上接连发表三篇论文证实超级增强子控制了小鼠和人类细胞的状态和特征。他们发现超级增强子的这些特异控制在癌症中遭到了劫持。此外,研究人员还证实这些超级增强子能够对大量的人类细胞类型起作用,并富集在与广泛疾病密切相关的基因组突变区域,表明它们有可能在疾病诊断和治疗中起重要作用。

在这篇新文章中,Young和论文的共同作者James Bradner一起首次发现,癌细胞在促进肿瘤生长的一些关键基因处获得了超级增强子,他们的新研究揭示这些受到超级增强子驱动的基因尤其对一些癌症信号通路紊乱敏感。这些结果表明,肿瘤细胞进化出超级增强子来促进了一些癌症信号通路的联系,表明一些同时靶向癌症信号通路及基因控制元件的疗法有可能对某些癌症尤其有效。

Syros Pharmaceuticals制药公司首席科学家Eric Olson博士说:“这些研究结果阐明了一些细胞信号通路是如何与关键的基因控制元件互作来调节细胞身份基因表达的。这一研究发现进一步证实了我们开发出一些新型的疗法,专门靶向癌症和其他疾病细胞中的这些主要基因开关的方法。”

原始出处:

Denes Hnisz, Jurian Schuijers, Charles Y. Lin, Abraham S. Weintraub, Brian J. Abraham, Tong Ihn Lee, James E. Bradner, Richard A. Young.Convergence of Developmental and Oncogenic Signaling Pathways at Transcriptional Super-Enhancers.Molecular Cell.March 19, 2015;doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2015.02.014

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    2015-10-04 维他命
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    2015-03-30 cd90

    我的课题啊

    0

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    2015-03-29 zhouanxiu

    看不明白呢

    0