Cell Rep:天津工生所揭示黄热病毒特异性抗体中和病毒的分子基础

2019-01-12 佚名 天津工业生物技术研究所

黄热病是由黄热病毒引起的、主要通过蚊虫叮咬传播的急性传染病。黄热病的死亡率高、传染性强,已纳入世界卫生组织规定之检疫传染病之一。黄热病可通过接种黄热疫苗(YF-17D减毒疫苗)得到预防。然而,疫苗短缺和免疫普及范围等因素导致黄热病仍然不断出现和流行。近年来黄热病在非洲、中美洲和南美洲的热带地区时有流行。2016年,我国也陆续有输入性黄热病病例的报道。针对黄热病目前无特异性的治疗方法,主要以对症治疗

黄热病是由黄热病毒引起的、主要通过蚊虫叮咬传播的急性传染病。黄热病的死亡率高、传染性强,已纳入世界卫生组织规定之检疫传染病之一。黄热病可通过接种黄热疫苗(YF-17D减毒疫苗)得到预防。然而,疫苗短缺和免疫普及范围等因素导致黄热病仍然不断出现和流行。近年来黄热病在非洲、中美洲和南美洲的热带地区时有流行。2016年,我国也陆续有输入性黄热病病例的报道。针对黄热病目前无特异性的治疗方法,主要以对症治疗及支持治疗为主。近些年来,单克隆抗体作为一种治疗病毒性传染性疾病的药物候选,显示出巨大的优势和应用潜力。

黄热病毒的囊膜蛋白(E蛋白)介导病毒侵入宿主细胞,是主要的保护性抗原和中和抗体靶点。针对黄热病毒的中和抗体可通过抑制病毒对宿主细胞的粘附或者病毒囊膜与细胞膜的融合,从而抑制病毒的入侵。近日,中国科学院院士高福领导的中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所蛋白质工程与疫苗研究团队在黄热病毒E蛋白结构和治疗性抗体等研究方面取得新进展。他们率先解析了高分辨率的黄热病毒的疫苗毒株YF-17D的囊膜E蛋白融合前和融合后两种形式的晶体结构。研究发现黄热病毒的融合前E蛋白呈现二聚体构象,与黄病毒属其他成员的E蛋白的结构比较相似。在低pH条件下,黄热病毒的E蛋白呈融合后的三聚体构象,与登革病毒和蜱传脑炎病毒的融合后的E蛋白构象相似。在融合过程中,E蛋白的结构域发生了扭转,二级结构部分进行了重排。此外,他们对黄热病毒特异性中和抗体5A的功能、结构和中和机制进行了深入研究。研究发现,5A具有极高的中和黄热病毒的效力(IC50到ng/mL的级别),并能保护小鼠抵御致死剂量的黄热病毒攻击。他们通过结构分析发现,5A既可以结合融合前的E蛋白二聚体,又可以结合融合后的E蛋白三聚体,像一把“双锁”。进一步的功能实验也证实,5A能够在病毒入侵的多个环节起作用:阻碍病毒对宿主细胞的吸附、抑制膜融合过程所必需的E蛋白变构和融合肽插入。这一结果证实了5A超强中和病毒的“双锁”作用机制。该项研究结果对于黄热病毒免疫原/抑制剂的设计提供了理论基础,具有重要指导意义。


黄热病毒特异性人源中和抗体5A“双锁”型保护机制的研究

该研究得到中科院先导专项、国家自然科学基金、天津自然科学基金、天津市科技计划项目、国家重点研发计划和国家科技重大专项等的资助。该项研究结果在线发表在国际学术期刊Cell Reports上。

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    2019-11-02 维他命
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    2019-01-20 wxl882001

    了解一下

    0

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    2019-01-12 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了,谢谢作者分享!

    0

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