ISC 2016:绝经后妇女HRT期间偏头痛恶化增加卒中发生风险

2016-02-21 MedSci MedSci原创

大型观察性研究结果表明,接受激素替代疗法(HRT)期间偏头痛加剧的绝经后妇女发生缺血性卒中的风险增加。

大型观察性研究结果表明,接受激素替代疗法(HRT)期间偏头痛加剧的绝经后妇女发生缺血性卒中的风险增加。

研究人员发现,报告接受HRT期间偏头痛更严重的妇女更容易出现缺血性卒中,相对危险度增加了30%。

关于HRT和偏头痛在卒中发生中的作用,争论由来已久。HRT被认为是偏头痛的危险因素,有偏头痛病史的绝经后妇女接受HRT期间偏头痛可能会恶化。

本研究评估HRT期间偏头痛严重程度的变化是否是缺血性卒中的危险因素。

研究人员分析了82208名50-79岁妇女的资料,参与者来源于WHIS(妇女健康行动研究,Women's Health Initiative Study),本研究参与者在基线患有偏头痛。其中,37680名妇女(45.8%)当前使用HRT,包括抗雌激素和/或雌激素加孕激素,44528名妇女(54.2%)过去使用或从未使用过HRT。

研究人员将参与者分成两组:目前使用HRT组和目前没有使用HRT组,比较两组间卒中发生风险,进一步将参与者依据3年随访期偏头痛程度的变化再分成两部分。

随访12年,2063名参与者发生缺血性卒中。研究结果显示,使用HRT的妇女偏头痛严重度增加的比例显着较高,(20.6% vs 17.3%、18.7%, P=0.0001)。

接受HRT治疗且偏头痛没有恶化的妇女发生缺血性卒中的风险减少约10%(OR 0.91,95%CI 0.88-0.94,P<0.001)。

使用HRT且偏头痛恶化的妇女发生缺血性卒中的风险增加了30%(OR 1.3,95%CI 1.1-1.5,P<0.001)。调整为已知的卒中危险因素,包括年龄、高血压、高胆固醇血症、糖尿病、吸烟后,得出上述研究结果。

因此医生和患者需要仔细讨论HRT的风险和收益。如果患者开始HRT时已经有偏头痛病史,密切关注偏头痛的严重程度是非常重要的。

研究者需要思考服用HRT或有偏头痛是否可能会导致中风,还需进一步理解其内在机制。

当老年女性患者使用HRT时,神经科医生需要对此事保持适当关注。作者建议,如果患者接受激素替代治疗时偏头痛程度不断增加,患者可能要考虑寻找一种替代治疗。

目前已经有一些研究分析偏头痛(尤其是先兆偏头痛)与卒中发生风险增加之间的关系。这项研究特别有启发性,促使人们进一步关注偏头痛作为卒中的风险因素。

以前的工作已经表明,激素治疗除了增加偏头痛相关的风险,也可能会增加卒中风险。然而研究结果并不能确定HRT期间偏头痛恶化与卒中发生两者间是否存在因果关系。有偏头痛病史是不可改变的危险因素。

这项新的研究存在一些限制,回顾性,并使用没有专门设计研究这个问题的一个大型数据库,(大概)所有激素治疗都混在一起。未来进一步前瞻性研究分析单种口服激素与偏头痛、卒中发生风险之间的关系很有必要。

原始出处:

1.Megan Brooks. Worsening Migraine During HRT Tied to Increased Stroke Risk. Medscape Medical News. February 18, 2016.

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    2016-02-23 yankaienglish
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    2016-02-23 zxxiang

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