Age&Aging:怎么判断你老了么?来看看是否有“肌肉减少肥胖症”!

2021-06-29 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

肌肉减少是衰老的重要表现,其特征是肌肉质量和力量减少。

肌肉减少是衰老的重要表现,其特征是肌肉质量和力量减少。不少证据表明,肌肉减少在老年人中很常见,它与年龄相关的身体功能丧失和发病率及死亡率增加有关。伴随着肌肉减少,其它身体组成变化通常包括身体脂肪含量的逐渐增加,尤其是内脏脂肪。

与身体脂肪过多相结合的肌肉减少症被称为“肌肉减少性肥胖症”,后者目前现在被认为是老年人中的常见问题,并且是与身体残疾、代谢障碍甚至血管发病率和死亡率相关的医学病症。因此,简单而准确的肌肉和脂肪质量测量对于评估身体功能和健康相关结果非常重要。

计算机断层扫描(CT)和磁共振成像(MRI)是测量局部肌肉和脂肪区域的高度精确的方法,而双能x光吸收法(DXA)和生物电阻抗分析法(BIA)可用于身体成分的综合测量。然而,由于昂贵、耗时、辐射暴露风险增加以及对患者状况缺乏敏感性,这些方法在临床实践中受到限制

一些人体测量指标,如中上臂围、小腿围和皮褶厚度,已被提议作为替代方法,特别是用于确定肌肉质量;然而,这些方法并没有被普遍采用。最近,韩国首尔韩国大学医学院内科部内分泌和代谢科的专家提出了一个新的人体测量指数——通过将腰围与体重标准化来调整体重的腰围指数(WWI)。

研究人员使用一个基于人群的老年人纵向队列的横断面样本,检查WWI与包括肌肉和脂肪质量在内的身体成分之间的关系。结果发表在最新的《老年与衰老》Age & Aging杂志上。

参与者来自Ansan老年病学研究的602名年龄≥65岁的横断面样本,评估了体重调整后的腰围指数(WWI)与肌肉和脂肪质量的关系,并将其与体重指数(BMI)和腰围(WC)进行了比较。WWIWC (cm)除以体重(kg)的平方根计算。使用生物电阻抗分析、双能x光吸收法和腹部计算机断层扫描测量身体成分。

体重调整后的腰围指数与身体成分测量值之间的相关性

结果显示,WWI与总腹部脂肪面积(TFA) (r =0.421,P <0.001)、内脏脂肪面积(VFA) (r =0.264,P <0.001)和总组织脂肪百分比(r =0.465,P <0.001)呈正相关,但与四肢骨骼肌质量(ASM)(r = 0.511,P <0.001)和ASM/height 2(r = 0.324,P <0.001)呈负相关。

其中,WWI的第一个四分位数(17.85 kg/m2)的平均ASM最高,并随着四分位数增加而呈下降趋势,即,第四个四分位数(13.21 kg/m2)的平均ASM最低。相反,平均TFA在第一个四分位数最低,在第四个四分位数最高。

根据体重指数类别,按体重调整后的腰围指数四分位数计算的平均腰围(A)和TFA(B)。 

进一步分析显示,WWI的最高四分位数低肌肉质量和高脂肪质量相结合的概率大于最低四分位数的3倍(OD3.22,95%CI:1.32–7.83),意味着WWI越高,肌肉减少性肥胖症的风险增加为3倍多!

结合此前研究发现,与BMIWC不同,WWI与心脏代谢发病率和死亡率呈正线性关系。由此可见,WWI与年龄成正比,这表明它可能与老年人的脂肪量正相关,与肌肉量负相关。

 

参考文献:

Weight-adjusted waist index reflects fat and muscle mass in the opposite direction in older adults, Age and Ageing, Volume 50, Issue 3, May 2021, Pages 780–786, https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaa208

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    2021-07-01 283488816

    哎,老了。

    0

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    2021-06-29 一口一个

    自己老了

    0

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    2021-06-29 馒头城

    0

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    2021-06-29 泽9867

    看了,我早就老了

    0

拓展阅读

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