Science:基因不好易得流感

2015-03-27 MedSci MedSci原创

这是个令人困扰的事情。一个2岁半的法国女孩既往体键,但是2011年却因为呼吸困难入院,经过各种细菌病毒检验之后诊断女孩得的是流感,并且使用达菲治疗。女孩活下来了,但是她在医院住了20天并且有一段时间必须使用呼吸机辅助呼吸。现在研究人员已经得知为何女孩几乎死于我们许多人都得过并且每天几乎都会得的流感,他们发现了女孩的一个突变基因,正是因为这个突变基因降低了女孩抵御病毒的能力。研究表明,某些错误基因可

这是个令人困扰的事情。一个2岁半的法国女孩既往体键,但是2011年却因为呼吸困难入院,经过各种细菌病毒检验之后诊断女孩得的是流感,并且使用达菲治疗。女孩活下来了,但是她在医院住了20天并且有一段时间必须使用呼吸机辅助呼吸。

现在研究人员已经得知为何女孩几乎死于我们许多人都得过并且每天几乎都会得的流感,他们发现了女孩的一个突变基因,正是因为这个突变基因降低了女孩抵御病毒的能力。研究表明,某些错误基因可以解释某些流感致死的患者病例。

在以前的研究中,卡萨诺瓦和他的同事们发现了一些基因突变,这些突变基因可以削弱免疫系统抵抗感染的能力,如单纯疱疹性脑炎。为了确定这个女孩带着可以解释她疾病的突变基因,研究人员排序编码蛋白质的DNA的一部分。他们发现女孩的IRF7基因的两条链都是变异的。她的母亲和父亲携带不同的突变基因。然而,父母双方也有正常IRF7,所以他们是健康的。因为女孩继承来自父母的缺陷基因,所以她没有正常的IRF7基因。

IRF7是我们免疫系统的控制开关,当病毒侵犯细胞,基因编码产生抗病毒蛋白即I型和III型干扰素,但女孩变异的IRF7基因不能产生抗病毒蛋白。团队检测女孩的树突细胞,它通常是I型和III型干扰素产生的主要来源。每当抵御流感病毒时,女孩I型和III型干扰素基因活性异常低,研究人员还检测了树突细胞I型干扰素干扰素α2的产量,结果发现,她的树突细胞不产生这些抗病毒蛋白。

卡萨诺瓦和他的同事们想搞清楚突变细胞如何被病毒攻击。流感病毒侵入肺部细胞,但从女孩身体获得这些细胞是很困难的。因此,研究人员把这个女孩的一些皮肤细胞转化为干细胞,然后诱导它们分化为肺细胞。将这些细胞与正常人的细胞同时感染流感病毒,之后研究人员检测病毒蛋白的数量。与正常细胞相比,女孩被感染了病毒的细胞数量是正常对照细胞的2倍。

女孩现在将近7岁,多亏她每年注射流感疫苗,所以她再没患过严重的流感。但是她的健康的身体能否永远健康仍是个谜。IRF7产生抗病毒蛋白抵御病毒,因为老鼠缺乏这种基因,所以很容易被病毒侵犯,女孩也缺乏IRF7正常基因,但万幸她再未患过重病。“流感(而非其他病毒)的易感性是有趣的”,某位研究人员如是说道。卡萨诺瓦表明其他基因可能取代IRF7来抵御病毒感染。

原始出处:

Mitch Leslie Bad gene cripples flu defenses.Science 26 March 2015

本文系Medsci原创编译整理!转载需要先获得授权,并附原文链接。谢谢!


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    2015-04-28 yydlt

    可怕!

    0

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    2015-04-14 吴颖

    这个是天生的体质

    0

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    2015-04-07 fengcongzhilei

    科学越进步,越来越多疾病和基因相关

    0

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    2015-03-31 x35042875

    个女孩的一些皮肤细胞转化为干细胞,然后诱导它们分化为肺细胞。将这些细胞与正常人的细胞同时感染流感病毒,之后研究人员检测病毒蛋白的数量。与正常细胞相比,女孩被感染了病毒的细胞数量是正常对照细胞的2倍。

    0

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    2015-03-29 jichang
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    2015-03-27 xiaoai5777

    估计好多了

    0

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