Ann Pharmacother:色瑞替尼能用于克唑替尼耐药的NSCLC

2015-02-01 MedSci MedSci原创

色瑞替尼(Certinib)这种新型的ALK抑制剂对晚期患者有高度活性。 克唑替尼耐药是ALK基因重排阳性的非小细胞肺癌患 者治疗中的一个主要问题。这种耐药通常会发生于克唑替尼用药治疗的1年内。其中1/3患者的抗药性是由ALK酪氨酸激酶基因突变或ALK基因扩增引起。色 瑞替尼是第二代口服ALK酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的一种,它并不是作用于MET原癌基因,而是抑制胰岛素样生长因子1受体。在

色瑞替尼(Certinib)这种新型的ALK抑制剂对晚期患者有高度活性。

克唑替尼耐药是ALK基因重排阳性的非小细胞肺癌患 者治疗中的一个主要问题。这种耐药通常会发生于克唑替尼用药治疗的1年内。其中1/3患者的抗药性是由ALK酪氨酸激酶基因突变或ALK基因扩增引起。色 瑞替尼是第二代口服ALK酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的一种,它并不是作用于MET原癌基因,而是抑制胰岛素样生长因子1受体。在临床前模型中,色瑞替尼抑制ALK 的抗肿瘤效果是克唑替尼的20倍。

为了进一步评估色瑞替尼的安全性和疗效,研究者进行了一项剂量递增的I期试验以及扩大研究。共130例ALK基因重组的实体瘤患者参与,59例进行剂量递增性试验,另71例进行扩张性试验。色瑞替尼用药剂量为50mg/天,21天一周期,每6周重复一次。

试验中有122例非小细胞肺癌,83例(68%)曾接受过克唑替尼的治疗。色瑞替尼的最大耐受剂量为750mg/日,量限制性毒性效应包括腹泻,呕吐,脱 水,转氨酶升高及血磷酸盐过少。最常见3或4级毒性反应是血清转氨酶水平上升、腹泻和脂肪酶水平上升。试验中4例间质性肺病、1例3级QT间期延长。8例 (6%)因药物毒性反应中止治疗。在750mg/日最大剂量下,76例(62%)至少接受一次经药物剂量减少的调节。总反应率为58%。在78名使用色瑞 替尼750mg/日的患者中,反应率为59%;在80名已接受克唑替尼患者中,反应率为56%。

研究发现,色瑞替尼对克唑替尼耐受的中枢神经系统病变NSCLC同 样有反应。色瑞替尼用于经克唑替尼治疗的NSCLC患者的中位无进展生存期为6.9个月,而用于未经克唑替尼治疗患者的中位无进展生存期为10.4个月。 对部分患者进行初步的分子学分析发现,不论色瑞替尼的耐药机制是ALK依赖性还是非ALK依赖性,它都对大部分患者具有临床效益。这个发现提示:色瑞替尼 可有效抑制ALK靶点,它有可能作用于一个未知的但与耐药性相关激酶,由此看来克唑替尼的耐药是能够被克服的。

无论是否存在ALK耐药突变,在晚期ALK重排性NSCLC患者中包括克唑替尼治疗后疾病进展的患者,使用ceritinib均有很好的疗效。Cooper MR对此进行更全面地综述。

色瑞替尼是一种治疗ALK重排性非小细胞肺癌的新选择。它能有效作用于克唑替尼耐药的NSCLC,对中枢神经系统转移瘤亦有良好的渗透性和反应性。未来需要更多的试验来确定色瑞替尼是否可一线治疗ALK阳性的非小细胞肺癌或作为克唑替尼用药失败后的替代治疗药物。

原始出处:

Cooper MR, Chim H, Chan H, Durand C.Ceritinib: A New Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.Ann Pharmacother. 2015 Jan;49(1):107-112

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    2015-09-29 yb6560
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    2015-04-28 jj000001