Clin Nutrition: 体脂和肌肉数量对胃癌胃切除术后短期和长期结果的影响

2022-06-14 xuyihan MedSci原创

胃癌可以切除,我们可以进行胃癌的根治术,也就是胃部的原发肿瘤连同转移的淋巴结,和受到连累的组织一起切除,使得胃部没有肿瘤残存,达到有治愈可能的手术。

胃切除术是胃癌患者根治性治疗的主要手段。手术与化疗和多模式治疗相结合提高了可切除胃癌患者的生存率。尽管术前诊断、手术和围手术期护理的改进降低了胃切除术后的死亡率,但术后并发症和复发率仍然相对较高。据报道,以骨骼肌和内脏脂肪量评估的身体成分会影响术后并发症的风险以及胃癌手术后的预后,特别是少肌性肥胖引起了胃肠外科医生的关注。

最近的研究表明,少肌性肥胖是肝细胞癌患者、胰腺癌患者和接受活体肝移植患者的不良预后因素。尽管据报道少肌型肥胖是癌症胃切除术后并发症的危险因素,但身体成分(如少肌型肥胖)与癌症胃切除术后总生存或复发之间的关系仍不清楚。本项研究旨在评估身体成分如何影响手术结果和患者存活率。

研究人员回顾性分析了2004年至2017年间因癌症行胃切除术的518例患者的临床数据。在术前计算机断层扫描图像中测量骨骼肌质量(骨骼肌质量指数 (SMI))和内脏肥胖(内脏脂肪面积),以对患者进行分类,并研究了这些身体成分对胃切除术后结果的影响。

 

 

231名患者(45%)的身体成分被分类为高SMI无肥胖,202名患者(39%)为高 SMI 伴肥胖,55名患者(11%)为低 SMI 无肥胖,30 名患者(6%)为低SMI伴肥胖。128 名患者(25%)出现术后并发症。多变量分析确定低 SMI 和肥胖是术后并发症的独立危险因素(优势比,3.27;P= 0.010)。此外,SMI低但无肥胖的患者的5年总生存率低于 SMI 高但无肥胖的患者(64.4% vs. 88.0%; P< 0.001),5 年无复发生存率更差(61.3% vs. 81.3%; P = 0.002)。多变量分析确定无肥胖的低 SMI 是胃切除术后总生存期(风险比,3.033;P< 0.001)和无复发生存期(风险比,2.144;P= 0.008)的重要风险因素。

图:肌肉脂肪示意图

本项研究证实术前低SMI合并肥胖是术后并发症的独立危险因素,而无肥胖低SMI是癌症胃切除术后总体生存和无复发生存的独立危险因素。

原始出处:

TsuneyukiUchida. Et al. Impact of body fat and muscle quantity on short- and long-term outcome after gastrectomy for cancer. Clinical Nutrition.2022.

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    2022-06-14 bshuang
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