植入电极,帮重度肥胖患者减轻体重

2015-01-19 佚名 果壳网

1月14日,美国食品药品监督管理局正式批准了一种新型的减肥医疗器械。与药物不同,这种植入设备通过电刺激直接影响人体的迷走神经节律,进而控制使用者对饥饱的感知,以此减少热量摄入。这是2007年以来FDA首次批准新型的减肥医疗设备。目前,这种设备只被批准用于常规方法无法控制体重或极重度肥胖(BMI在35~45之间,且存在至少一种相关并发症)的成年患者。 这种名为“Maestro可充电系统”(Maes

1月14日,美国食品药品监督管理局正式批准了一种新型的减肥医疗器械。与药物不同,这种植入设备通过电刺激直接影响人体的迷走神经节律,进而控制使用者对饥饱的感知,以此减少热量摄入。这是2007年以来FDA首次批准新型的减肥医疗设备。目前,这种设备只被批准用于常规方法无法控制体重或极重度肥胖(BMI在35~45之间,且存在至少一种相关并发症)的成年患者。

这种名为“Maestro可充电系统”(Maestro® Rechargeable System)的减肥设备由皮下植入的神经节律调节器和两个作用于迷走神经的植入电极组成,它需要通过手术完成植入。这套设备会间歇性地发送电脉冲信号,作用于连接胃部和大脑的迷走神经,从而影响使用者对饥饿和饱腹的感知。该设备可以通过外部充电器和发射线圈进行充电,并可以根据个体需要进行运行模式调整。当不再需要该设备时,它可以随时再通过手术取出。目前研究显示,这种设备可以抑制大脑与胃部之间的神经活动,不过它确切的减重机制依然不是非常明确。

Maestro

Rechargeable System示意图。图片来自:circleofcare.com.au

该设备的安全性和有效性在一项纳入了233名BMI在35以上重度肥胖患者的临床研究中进行了验证。该研究发现,在经过12个月的治疗之后,治疗组与对照组相比多减掉了8.5%的体重。在治疗组中,约有半数的受试者至少减去了20%的多余体重。这一结果并没有达到最初设定的“比对照组多减重10%”的目标,不过FDA顾问委员会发现,18个月时的数据显示这种设备具有持续的减重作用。委员会认为,对于适应症指定的重度肥胖者,这种设备的获益大于风险。在综合考虑了研究数据、专家意见及重度肥胖患者的意愿之后,FDA正式批准这种减肥设备上市。在上市之后,生产商还必须继续收集该设备的安全性和有效性信息,对它进行更加完善的评估。

临床研究显示,该设备可能带来的副作用包括恶心、呕吐、植入位置的疼痛、吞咽困难和胸痛等等。

FDA医疗器械和放射健康中心首席科学家威廉•梅塞尔(William Maisel)表示:“肥胖和与它相关的疾病是非常重要的公共卫生问题,而医疗器械可以帮助医生和患者构建更加全面的肥胖治疗方案。”

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    2015-05-07 lyrichen

    挺好的

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    2015-01-21 jiyangfei