Front Hum Neurosci:老年跳舞海马体增加,有效扭转大脑老化

2017-11-09 佚名 Technews 科技新报

刊登在心理学与神经科学领域内的著名期刊 Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 的研究发现,老年人做身体运动可以扭转老化对大脑产生的影响,跳舞又是效果最显著的运动。主要研究者德国神经退化疾病中心的 Kathrin Rehfeld 博士率领研究团队针对两种运动,分别是跳舞与耐力运动进行研究。

在亚洲国家,时常可在晨间或傍晚过后的公园或广场等空地看到大批跳土风舞的中年人,动作并不激烈,但轻微的活动,以及稍微需要记性的舞蹈,其实好处不少。神经科学家发现,跳舞可以延缓老化带给人类的身心压力,是最有效的抗老活动之一

老化与记忆和学习问题有关,类似海马体受伤造成的后果。这也是在老年失智症之类的神经退化疾病中,受影响最早和最严重的大脑部分。海马体掌管记忆与学习之外,也管平衡。

刊登在心理学与神经科学领域内的著名期刊 Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 的研究发现,老年人做身体运动可以扭转老化对大脑产生的影响,跳舞又是效果最显着的运动。主要研究者德国神经退化疾病中心的 Kathrin Rehfeld 博士率领研究团队针对两种运动,分别是跳舞与耐力运动进行研究。

研究发现两者都会增加大脑中因老化而缩减的区域,而两者相比较后,唯有跳舞能够导致明显的行为转变,譬如平衡改善。研究人员邀请 62 位年龄介于 62-80 岁的人参与测验,从中选出 52 位符合条件的人进行研究,接着随机分配到跳舞组与控制运动组。

研究人员让受测者学习不同的舞蹈,包括爵士舞、方块舞、拉丁舞和排舞,受测者必须记住手臂摆动模式、步伐、韵律、速度,且每两周会换一首曲子,持续 18 个月,每周一次跳舞课。受测者的最大挑战就是在时间压力下以及没有老师指导下,回想教过的舞步。

舞蹈组必须面对持续变化的编舞,参与者必须记住动作,而运动组包括耐力训练、强度训练、弹性训练,舞蹈组与运动组的受测者,大脑海马体都增加,而这个区块被认为会因老化而萎缩。

但是只有舞蹈组的人在海马体左侧的子区范围大量扩张,以及在右侧的一个区域称为下托 (subiculum) 也出现扩张的变化。科学家知道运动可以对抗大脑老化速度,现在透过此研究,更加了解需要经常变化动作的舞蹈,比规律性运动如骑脚踏车与走路效果更好。

Rehfeld 认为,跳舞可同时为身体与心理设立新的挑战,特别是对老年人而言,是对抗大脑老化一个有强有力的工具。但是如果你手脚不协调,对节奏也没有天份的话,也不需要对跳舞敬而远之,报导认为,光是让自己手脚放松,沉浸在音乐当中,也可以获得音乐治疗的效果,对心理健康有益。

原始出处:

Kathrin Rehfeld, et al. Dancing or Fitness Sport The Effects of Two Training Programs on Hippocampal Plasticity and Balance Abilities in Healthy Seniors. Front. Hum. Neurosci., 15 June 2017 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00305.

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    2017-11-11 lsndxfj
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    2017-11-09 wxl882001

    学习一下

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导语:跳舞可以增强心肺功能、提高平衡能力、促进大脑健康、还能愉悦心情,提升生活质量,尤其能增加老人的晚年幸福感。年轻人跳舞好处也不少。