Radiother Oncol:5*5Gy方案和50.4Gy方案治疗不可手术的直肠癌患者无显著差异

2013-05-09 Radiother Oncol dxy

在确诊为直肠癌的患者中,大约有15%的患者是无法经由手术切除病变的。对于这部分患者而言,现行的标准治疗方案为先进行6-8周的放化疗,然后再进行手术治疗。放化疗的目的在于让肿瘤缩小以便可以进行根治性切除手术。目前,最常用的治疗方案是放疗总剂量为45Gy或50.4Gy,每次治疗剂量为1.8Gy,化疗的方案为氟尿嘧啶联合甲酰四氢叶酸或卡培他滨。但是即使在应用了上述方案治疗之后,仍有15%的患者的肿瘤仍无

在确诊为直肠癌的患者中,大约有15%的患者是无法经由手术切除病变的。对于这部分患者而言,现行的标准治疗方案为先进行6-8周的放化疗,然后再进行手术治疗。放化疗的目的在于让肿瘤缩小以便可以进行根治性切除手术。目前,最常用的治疗方案是放疗总剂量为45Gy或50.4Gy,每次治疗剂量为1.8Gy,化疗的方案为氟尿嘧啶联合甲酰四氢叶酸或卡培他滨。但是即使在应用了上述方案治疗之后,仍有15%的患者的肿瘤仍无法经由手术切除,能进行根治性切除的患者的比例约为75%,5年生存率仅为50%。因此,我们需要探寻更有效的新辅助治疗方案。因而,来自波兰M Skoldowska-Curie纪念肿瘤中心的Krzysztof Bujko等为了比较2种新辅助治疗方案而设计了相关研究,并将其研究结果发表在Radiother 4月最新的在线期刊上。

研究者纳入的受试者为cT3或cT4或局部复发的直肠癌患者,并且未发生远处转移,符合上述标准的受试者被随机分为2组,一组(方案I)接受5*5Gy的放疗和3个疗程的FOLFOX4,另一组(方案II)接受总剂量为50.4Gy的放疗,分成28次进行,同时给予氟尿嘧啶、甲酰四氢叶酸和卡培他滨。两组的手术治疗都安排在放疗开始后12周新辅助治疗后6周。

在方案I组中共纳入了49名患者,而方案II组中有48名患者。在方案I组中有26%的患者出现III+毒性反应,而在方案II中25%的患者出现III+毒性反应。研究中毒性反应共造成2名患者的死亡,他们都来自于方案II组。本研究的主要终点为能在进行根治性切除的患者所占的比率,在方案I组为73%,而在方案II组为71%。术后并发症发生率在方案I组和方案II组分别为27%和16%,术后严重并发症发生率在两组中分别为9%和7%。病理学完全反应发生率在方案I组和方案II组分别为21%和9%。

本研究中期分析结果指出,将本研究的两种新辅助治疗方案进行比较,两者的急性毒性反应发生率和治疗局部有效性尚不存在显著差异。

直肠癌相关的拓展阅读:


Neoadjuvant treatment for unresectable rectal cancer: An interim analysis of a multicentre randomized study.
Purpose
To present an interim analysis of the trial comparing two neoadjuvant therapies for unresectable rectal cancer.
Methods
Patients with fixed cT3 or cT4 or locally recurrent rectal cancer without distant metastases were randomized to either 5×5Gy and 3 courses of FOLFOX4 (schedule I) or 50.4Gy delivered in 28 fractions given simultaneously with 5-Fu, leucovorin and oxaliplatin (schedule II). Surgery in both groups was performed 12weeks after the beginning of radiation and 6weeks after neoadjuvant treatment.
Results
49 patients were treated according to schedule I and 48 according to schedule II. Grade III+ acute toxicity was observed in 26% of patients in group I and in 25% in group II. There were two toxic deaths, both in group II. The microscopically radical resection (primary endpoint) rate was 73% in group I and 71% in group II. Overall and severe postoperative complications were recorded in 27% and 9% of patients vs. 16% and 7%, respectively. Pathological complete response was observed in 21% of the patients in group I and in 9% in group II.
Conclusions
The interim analysis revealed no major differences in acute toxicity and local efficacy between the two evaluated strategies

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    2014-04-09 minlingfeng
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    2013-05-11 lfcmxl