Cell Metab:腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶可抑制肿瘤

2013-01-04 CELL METAB 好医365

  近日加拿大麦吉尔大学研究人员发现,腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK,可调节癌细胞内的能量代谢)在抑制肿瘤细胞生长方面发挥了关键作用。AMPK是细胞的能量调节器,当细胞内的能量水平发生变化时,它就会被打开,例如在运动或禁食期间,细胞能量水平下降,此时AMPK就可帮助改善细胞代谢以提供足够能量。研究人员发现AMPK还能调节癌细胞的代谢并且能抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。   麦吉尔大学古德曼癌症研究中心助理教


  近日加拿大麦吉尔大学研究人员发现,腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK,可调节癌细胞内的能量代谢)在抑制肿瘤细胞生长方面发挥了关键作用。AMPK是细胞的能量调节器,当细胞内的能量水平发生变化时,它就会被打开,例如在运动或禁食期间,细胞能量水平下降,此时AMPK就可帮助改善细胞代谢以提供足够能量。研究人员发现AMPK还能调节癌细胞的代谢并且能抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。

  麦吉尔大学古德曼癌症研究中心助理教授Russell Jones先生发现了AMPK的这种功能。他和他的团队首次证实AMPK在动物体内可作为一种肿瘤抑制剂。相关研究成果被发表在12月27日的《细胞代谢杂志》(Cell Metabolism)上。

  Jones教授介绍称:“对于肿瘤而言,其细胞往往丧失了正常的控制生长的能力,因而会不断地分化增殖。不过,为了满足癌细胞快速生长的需要,肿瘤就需要更多的能量供应。AMPK就好比是汽车上的燃油控制阀,它能在能量水平较低时向人体发出信号,在能量储备达到充足之前就暂时阻止细胞的生长。我们希望弄清楚这一能量控制阀能否会影响肿瘤的发展和恶化。我们通过小鼠试验发现,体内缺少AMPK的小鼠,其体内的肿瘤生长速度相对较快,这表明AMPK是限制肿瘤生长的重要因素,起码对于某些类型癌症来说是这样的。”研究中,Jones的研究团队特别把注意力集中在淋巴瘤这种血癌上。他们发现,当小鼠体内缺少AMPK时,Myc蛋白(这种蛋白在过半数肿瘤内都处于激活状态)就会加速淋巴癌的发展。

  在癌细胞为实现不断生长所利用的各种方式中,有一种是通过改变其代谢方式或产生能量的方式来加以实现的。癌细胞不同于我们体内的正常细胞,因为癌细胞会优先利用糖分来实现生长。Jones教授发现,AMPK在限制癌细胞利用糖分促进自身生长方面发挥了特殊的作用。他解释称:“对于AMPK含量较低的癌细胞,其代谢会处于失控状态。这样的癌细胞利用糖分的效率会上升,从而可加速自身的生长。这些研究结果表明打开癌细胞内的AMPK使其正常工作有助于抑制肿瘤的生长。”

  Jones教授的突破性发现是基于他之前的研究发现,即常见的糖尿病药物二甲双胍可抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。这些发现有望使人们通过二甲双胍等常见疗法来打开AMPK并改变细胞代谢,从而达到有效治疗癌症的目的。目前,Jones和他的同事正在以该研究为基础就临床应用进行相关探索。


AMPK Is a Negative Regulator of the Warburg Effect and Suppresses Tumor Growth In Vivo

Summary

AMPK is a metabolic sensor that helps maintain cellular energy homeostasis. Despite evidence linking AMPK with tumor suppressor functions, the role of AMPK in tumorigenesis and tumor metabolism is unknown. Here we show that AMPK negatively regulates aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) in cancer cells and suppresses tumor growth in vivo. Genetic ablation of the α1 catalytic subunit of AMPK accelerates Myc-induced lymphomagenesis. Inactivation of AMPKα in both transformed and nontransformed cells promotes a metabolic shift to aerobic glycolysis, increased allocation of glucose carbon into lipids, and biomass accumulation. These metabolic effects require normoxic stabilization of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), as silencing HIF-1α reverses the shift to aerobic glycolysis and the biosynthetic and proliferative advantages conferred by reduced AMPKα signaling. Together our findings suggest that AMPK activity opposes tumor development and that its loss fosters tumor progression in part by regulating cellular metabolic pathways that support cell growth and proliferation.

    

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    2013-10-29 一闲
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    2013-10-05 guojianrong
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1895652, encodeId=19401895652bd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4a391158248' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11582, encryptionId=4a391158248, topicName=MET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=18fc139, createdName=一闲, createdTime=Tue Oct 29 20:49:00 CST 2013, time=2013-10-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1868612, encodeId=91671868612eb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Thu Nov 14 17:49:00 CST 2013, time=2013-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1981565, encodeId=13c019815657a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d1888661a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛋白激酶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88661, encryptionId=7d1888661a4, topicName=蛋白激酶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b505306, createdName=医生2394, createdTime=Wed Sep 25 13:49:00 CST 2013, time=2013-09-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1887336, encodeId=8148188e33688, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d56611584ec' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Meta#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11584, encryptionId=d56611584ec, topicName=Meta)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8f4110, createdName=guojianrong, createdTime=Sat Oct 05 20:49:00 CST 2013, time=2013-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1958846, encodeId=1f4319588469b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Mon Oct 07 03:49:00 CST 2013, time=2013-10-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1495921, encodeId=4579149592180, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9c516685eea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#激酶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66857, encryptionId=9c516685eea, topicName=激酶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=73449239400, createdName=redcrab, createdTime=Sun Jan 06 07:49:00 CST 2013, time=2013-01-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2076644, encodeId=bc5d20e66442c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c00549381e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑制肿瘤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54938, encryptionId=4c00549381e, topicName=抑制肿瘤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4736501, createdName=xiaoyang_ambs, createdTime=Fri Jun 14 15:49:00 CST 2013, time=2013-06-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2013-10-07 维他命
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    2013-01-06 redcrab
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