酒石酸美托洛尔 VS 琥珀酸美托洛尔,这3点区别要清楚!

2022-07-13 医学界心血管频道 医学界心血管频道

干货满满~

美托洛尔是临床上常用的选择性β1受体阻滞剂,主要用于治疗高血压、心绞痛、心肌梗死心律失常、甲亢、心力衰竭等心血管相关疾病。

目前临床上使用的有两种剂型,一种是酒石酸美托洛尔片,另一种则是琥珀酸美托洛尔缓释片,两者虽然看似大同小异,但在剂型和服用方法上却各有乾坤。

一、剂型区别

1.普通片VS缓释片

酒石酸美托洛尔为普通片剂,进入体内后药物可全部崩解,血药浓度迅速达至峰值,产生全身作用,但普通片剂半衰期短,在体内清除速度较快。

琥珀酸美托洛尔为缓释制剂,进入体内后以恒定的速度缓慢释放发挥药效,故缓释片在体内发挥作用的时间较普通片更长。

2.能掰?还是不能掰?

酒石酸美托洛尔片为普通片剂,掰开或研磨不会破坏其剂型,故可掰开研磨服用

琥珀酸美托洛尔是缓释剂型,是由800-900个微囊化的颗粒组成,每个颗粒用聚合物薄膜包裹,形成一个个独立的贮库单位,从而达到控制药物的释放速度。所以,琥珀酸美托洛尔缓释片与其他骨架或打孔缓释制剂不同,在必要时可以将药片轻轻掰开,以增加剂量灵活性。但切记:不能研磨药片。因研磨过程可破坏其微囊颗粒,能使微囊中的药物全部释放,导致药效增加,加重不良反应,甚至引起毒性反应。

二、服用方法

每日1次vs每日多次。

酒石酸美托洛尔片的半衰期为3-5小时,因此,临床上常用的服用次数为每日2-4次

琥珀酸美托洛尔缓释片在机体内以几乎恒定的速度释放约20小时,血药浓度平稳,作用超过24小时,故每日只需服用1次,推荐在早晨服用

三、食物的影响

饭前VS饭后。

由于酒石酸美托洛尔片为脂溶性药物,食物可影响其吸收,进餐时服药可使该药的生物利用度大幅增加40%,增加不良反应的发生率,如心动过缓、心悸等。因此,为避免药品不良事件的增加,应空腹服用该药

琥珀酸美托洛尔缓释片的释放不受胃内pH值的影响,且摄入食物不影响其生物利用度,故饭前或饭后均可服用该药,但值得注意的是服用此药时至少使用半杯液体送服

总结

美托洛尔在日常服用时需注意两种剂型的不同使用方法,以免产生不必要的不良反应。

表1

图片

最后让我们用两句顺口溜来总结一下吧。

“琥珀”缓释片:

早晨一次慢慢释,

饭前饭后都可以,

药片轻掰勿研磨。

“酒石”平片:

每日几次遵医嘱,

肚子饿时先吃药,

医生决定掰不掰。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2066901, encodeId=866f2066901c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bdb668e08d2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#琥珀酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68708, encryptionId=bdb668e08d2, topicName=琥珀酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4f2c2500194, createdName=446798725_87912765, createdTime=Sun Apr 23 21:49:49 CST 2023, time=2023-04-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1233185, encodeId=efac12331853a, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/10/10/8e5366daba45b7cc639131b3e48bf519.jpg, createdBy=5c985205071, createdName=147494c3m57暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 12:57:34 CST 2022, time=2022-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1233174, encodeId=dcd212331e4ff, content=收获很大, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cf5e1771308, createdName=ms8547501655805392, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 12:03:48 CST 2022, time=2022-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1233173, encodeId=aa7512331e3f2, content=写的太好了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cf5e1771308, createdName=ms8547501655805392, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 12:03:26 CST 2022, time=2022-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1337154, encodeId=376a133e154a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=428fe9954c0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美托洛尔#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79954, encryptionId=428fe9954c0, topicName=美托洛尔)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/FGFAawy0kQNXbuvUuLtUVrx5aKhOIkwqJwyxu0QlpLFIDSb1Ht19ptXvYBjuAoNBubibnNF3iazdpico7gJlbBVQg/132, createdBy=edaf2500125, createdName=ms3892185887221420, createdTime=Fri Jul 15 10:49:49 CST 2022, time=2022-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-07-18 147494c3m57暂无昵称

    学习了

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2066901, encodeId=866f2066901c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bdb668e08d2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#琥珀酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68708, encryptionId=bdb668e08d2, topicName=琥珀酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4f2c2500194, createdName=446798725_87912765, createdTime=Sun Apr 23 21:49:49 CST 2023, time=2023-04-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1233185, encodeId=efac12331853a, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/10/10/8e5366daba45b7cc639131b3e48bf519.jpg, createdBy=5c985205071, createdName=147494c3m57暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 12:57:34 CST 2022, time=2022-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1233174, encodeId=dcd212331e4ff, content=收获很大, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cf5e1771308, createdName=ms8547501655805392, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 12:03:48 CST 2022, time=2022-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1233173, encodeId=aa7512331e3f2, content=写的太好了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cf5e1771308, createdName=ms8547501655805392, createdTime=Mon Jul 18 12:03:26 CST 2022, time=2022-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1337154, encodeId=376a133e154a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=428fe9954c0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美托洛尔#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79954, encryptionId=428fe9954c0, topicName=美托洛尔)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/FGFAawy0kQNXbuvUuLtUVrx5aKhOIkwqJwyxu0QlpLFIDSb1Ht19ptXvYBjuAoNBubibnNF3iazdpico7gJlbBVQg/132, createdBy=edaf2500125, createdName=ms3892185887221420, createdTime=Fri Jul 15 10:49:49 CST 2022, time=2022-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-07-18 ms8547501655805392

    收获很大

    0

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    2022-07-18 ms8547501655805392

    写的太好了

    0

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