Nature:对抗沙门氏杆菌感染的肠道粘合剂和保护剂-IgA

2017-04-13 MedSci MedSci原创

这项研究阐述了在体内,IgA是如何阻止肠道有害菌的感染。并且正常的肠道共生菌能够在一定程度上抑制沙门氏菌的生长,从而促进清除感染的沙门氏菌。使用抗生素反而加强了沙门氏菌的感染。

当细菌感染肠道后,细菌的表面的抗原上结合了特定抗体IgA。这些高亲和力的抗体能够结合多个细菌细胞,从而相互交织成簇。这一由抗体IgA介导的成簇反应和细菌的密度成指数相关。在体外反应时,需要大量的细菌与IgA结合才能形成簇。然而在体内时,现实的细菌感染的密度要远远低于体外实验的细菌密度,那么在体内的IgA是怎么保护机体免受细菌感染的侵害呢?在最新上线的Nature杂志中,Kathrin Moor及其同事报导了他们的发现:在体内发生低密度的细菌感染时,体内的IgA能够绑定细菌的母细胞和分裂的子细胞,将他们粘合在一起形成簇,从而防止细菌感染肠道内壁细胞以及渗透入血循环。

研究组首先通过胃管经口喂食灭活的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(S. Typhimurium),从而产生对于沙门氏杆菌的高亲和力的抗体IgA。接着,这些老鼠被感染了低剂量的活沙门氏杆菌。研究人员发现,之前接种过灭活沙门氏菌的老鼠的肠道内,感染的沙门氏菌被大量的IgA所覆盖,并且形成簇。有时在一个簇中包含了50以上的沙门氏菌细胞。研究人员接着运用带有荧光标记的沙门氏菌感染这些接种过的老鼠,发现IgA能过绑定低密度细菌细胞,并且即使是当这些细菌细胞分裂增殖的时候,IgA还是能够绑定他们的子细胞。这样IgA始终绑定在分裂的细菌细胞上,防止细菌细胞感染周围的细胞,或者引起过度的炎症反应。并且,因为细菌细胞之间被IgA所隔着,使细菌之间不能发生由接触介导的质粒交换,从而大大降低了细菌因突变而产生耐药性的概率。

然而,当老鼠在感染前首先使用链霉素杀死肠道内正常细胞时,沙门氏菌的感染大大加强。即使是在接种过沙门菌疫苗的老鼠体内,也发生了一定的细菌的质粒交换。这证明,在没有使用抗生素的时候,完整的肠道共生菌能够抑制沙门氏菌的生长,结合产生的IgA能够更快速的清除感染的沙门氏菌。

这项研究阐述了在体内,IgA是如何阻止肠道有害菌的感染。并且正常的肠道共生菌能够在一定程度上抑制沙门氏菌的生长,从而促进清除感染的沙门氏菌。使用抗生素反而加强了沙门氏菌的感染。

原始初始:
Kathrin Moor, Médéric Diard, Mikael E. Sellin, et al., High-avidity IgA protects the intestine by enchaining growing bacteria. Nature (2017) doi:10.1038/nature22058

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    2018-03-05 liye789132251
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    2017-04-15 yibei
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881894, encodeId=c30c18818947c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Mon Mar 05 15:13:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1503896, encodeId=48f31503896fd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=641d94e7eb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#IgA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9477, encryptionId=641d94e7eb, topicName=IgA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c23f9697922, createdName=yibei, createdTime=Sat Apr 15 14:13:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187375, encodeId=29d918e3756d, content=mark, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/05/02/48d1fec880a796cc2ad284d7b18e6017.jpg, createdBy=43e51704272, createdName=九天., createdTime=Fri Apr 14 14:14:14 CST 2017, time=2017-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-14 九天.

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