阜外医院置入国内首例全皮下置入式心脏复律除颤器(S-ICD)

2015-01-16 阜外心血管病医院心律失常中心 丁立刚 中国循环杂志

2014年12月23日,阜外医院心律失常诊治中心华伟和张澍教授植入了国内第一台全皮下植入式心脏复律除颤器(S-ICD),为器械预防心脏性猝死提供了新方法。 该患者是一名33岁男性,因“发作性心悸、头晕5年,加重3月”入院。5年前因“三尖瓣下移畸形”,在外院行三尖瓣机械瓣置换术,此后反复发生室性心动过速(室速)于阜外医院行2次室速消融术。术后仍有室速发作,发作时有头晕、血压降低,药物治疗无

2014年12月23日,阜外医院心律失常诊治中心华伟和张澍教授植入了国内第一台全皮下植入式心脏复律除颤器(S-ICD),为器械预防心脏性猝死提供了新方法。

该患者是一名33岁男性,因“发作性心悸、头晕5年,加重3月”入院。5年前因“三尖瓣下移畸形”,在外院行三尖瓣机械瓣置换术,此后反复发生室性心动过速(室速)于阜外医院行2次室速消融术。术后仍有室速发作,发作时有头晕、血压降低,药物治疗无效,需体外电击终止。符合ICD植入适应证。

因为传统ICD需要经静脉将除颤电极导线植入右室内,而该患者已行三尖瓣机械瓣置换,无法经静脉途径植入右心室除颤电极导线。而S-ICD不需要经静脉在心脏中放置导线,无需X线透视,通过解剖标记指导即可完成S-ICD植入,故选择植入波科公司SQ-RXTM型皮下ICD(S-ICD)系统(图1)。

1 皮下ICD解剖位置示意图

术中采用全身麻醉,于左侧第5~6肋斜切口,通过皮下隧道将皮下除颤电极置于患者胸骨旁右侧,将脉冲发生器植入左侧第5~6肋间腋前线和腋中线间皮下囊袋内,整个术程仅耗时1小时,术中测试除颤功能良好,手术获得了圆满成功。

ICD是目前预防心脏性猝死最有效的方法。传统ICD通过外周静脉将除颤电极导线植入静脉及右心室内,脉冲发生器在左侧胸部皮下。手术过程需要X线透视指引,并且可能发生围手术期并发症,如气胸、血气胸、导线移位等,此外囊袋感染、感染性心内膜炎以及ICD导线故障也是十分棘手的并发症,常常需要拔除ICD电极导线,引起拔除导线的并发症等。

而S-ICD不需要经静脉在心脏中放置导线,通过解剖标记指导即可完成皮下ICD的植入,克服了经静脉植入ICD的大部分弊端,另外,无需X线透视,无需在导管室操作,更利于推广应用,故一经问世便引起广泛关注。需要指出的是S-ICD不具有常规起搏功能,有症状性心动过缓需要起搏者或存在频繁单形VT能被抗心动过速起搏(ATP)有效终止者不适合植入S-ICD。

既往临床研究已经证实了S-ICD的安全性和有效性。S-ICD适用于大多数心脏性猝死一级和二级预防的患者,特别是不能经静脉植入ICD导线者。该例患者已顺利完成手术,近期出院,将继续随访观察。


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    2015-06-17 yilong5287542
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    2015-01-18 zhouqu_8

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