肌肤相亲就怀孕?皮肤细胞会替代性繁殖么?

2016-10-22 解螺旋.子非鱼 解螺旋·医生科研助手

近年来,皮肤细胞的逆袭,已经成功的在生殖领域里分得一杯羹。早在2016年04月30日报道,西班牙科学家在实验室使用皮肤细胞培育出人类精子(虽然当时还不具备生殖能力,但谁知道技术的发展以后不会有呢?)而近日日本科学家首次成功生成了完全由细胞培养产生且功能正常的小鼠卵子,且这些卵子产出的健康后代也具有生育能力。这让人们产生遐想:皮肤细胞可以诱导精子和卵子了,那么未来“肌肤相亲”就可以生孩子了吗?一般科


近年来,皮肤细胞的逆袭,已经成功的在生殖领域里分得一杯羹。早在2016年04月30日报道,西班牙科学家在实验室使用皮肤细胞培育出人类精子(虽然当时还不具备生殖能力,但谁知道技术的发展以后不会有呢?)而近日日本科学家首次成功生成了完全由细胞培养产生且功能正常的小鼠卵子,且这些卵子产出的健康后代也具有生育能力。这让人们产生遐想:皮肤细胞可以诱导精子和卵子了,那么未来“肌肤相亲”就可以生孩子了吗?

一般科研者为了将体细胞“调教”成可育的生殖细胞(如下图所示),首先对体细胞进行彻底的改头换面,即利用当前技术在体外将人类诱导多能干细胞分化为原始生殖细胞。其次,将其转移至小鼠体内发育成成熟的配子细胞,最后将配子在体外受精后植入代孕母体形成真正的胚胎。



然而近期,日本科学家在将小鼠皮肤细胞诱导生成为原始生殖细胞后,于体外类似卵巢的环境培养下,首次成功生成了完全由细胞培养产生且功能正常的小鼠卵子,且这些卵子产出的健康后代也具有生育能力。



就目前而言,尽管科研者能够完全在体外由小鼠体细胞制造卵子,也不意味着“从此不需要卵巢了”。因为由这种方法制备的卵细胞最终的正常发育率很低(只有3.5%),但是放在母鼠体内成熟的卵子受精后有60%可发育成正常小鼠。然而,如果未来这项技术能够最终成型,那么这对于治疗不孕不育和为LGBT群体提供生育机会提供了极大的帮助。



这些由完全体外生成的卵细胞发育而成的小鼠11个月大时的样子。

无独有偶,其实近年来关于诱导生殖细胞的研究频频在C.N.S等顶级期刊中报道。早在今年2月份南京科研团队就已经在体外将小鼠的胚胎干细胞诱导成为近圆形具有精子功能的精细胞,但唯一的缺陷就在于它没有正常精子的尾巴,无法游动,只能借助外部注入来实现结合。



完全体外培育单倍体雄性配子的工作流程

而今年5月份,西班牙的科学家也宣布在将一系列产生配子所需要的基因如PRDM1、PRDM14、LIN28A、DAZL导入男性表皮成纤维细胞进行整合后,可在体外诱导成人类生殖样细胞。


 
以上种种研究,均为渴望怀孕的夫妇带来了一线希望。但是考虑到社会伦理问题,要真正将以上技术运用到人体身上,还有很长的路要走。然而,科学前进的脚步从来不会停止,新的技术能否真的成为人类为繁衍备的另一把钥匙,还需要静观其变,等待时间的解答。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1568868, encodeId=31c615688682f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8a53e209452' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72094, encryptionId=8a53e209452, topicName=皮肤细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=635f15466557, createdName=marongnuan, createdTime=Mon Oct 24 12:25:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150695, encodeId=70ad150695fe, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Sun Oct 23 22:14:30 CST 2016, time=2016-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150456, encodeId=488015045643, content=继续等待进一步结果, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=03a61969838, createdName=叮当猫生活, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 23:06:18 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150440, encodeId=e6c5150440d5, content=学习了啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 22:24:24 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150438, encodeId=06861504382f, content=肌肤之亲,肌肤相亲, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRrYOibkVibW9vAkCfb2F55aHjqMoqUVaF9fuXIMCxexawSOsicpbF7Ria7o54zPK65PodlkwhPrNhLhS/0, createdBy=12f71314239, createdName=ann y, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 22:23:39 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-23 187清风

    继续关注

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1568868, encodeId=31c615688682f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8a53e209452' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72094, encryptionId=8a53e209452, topicName=皮肤细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=635f15466557, createdName=marongnuan, createdTime=Mon Oct 24 12:25:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150695, encodeId=70ad150695fe, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Sun Oct 23 22:14:30 CST 2016, time=2016-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150456, encodeId=488015045643, content=继续等待进一步结果, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=03a61969838, createdName=叮当猫生活, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 23:06:18 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150440, encodeId=e6c5150440d5, content=学习了啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 22:24:24 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150438, encodeId=06861504382f, content=肌肤之亲,肌肤相亲, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRrYOibkVibW9vAkCfb2F55aHjqMoqUVaF9fuXIMCxexawSOsicpbF7Ria7o54zPK65PodlkwhPrNhLhS/0, createdBy=12f71314239, createdName=ann y, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 22:23:39 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-22 叮当猫生活

    继续等待进一步结果

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1568868, encodeId=31c615688682f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8a53e209452' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72094, encryptionId=8a53e209452, topicName=皮肤细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=635f15466557, createdName=marongnuan, createdTime=Mon Oct 24 12:25:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150695, encodeId=70ad150695fe, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Sun Oct 23 22:14:30 CST 2016, time=2016-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150456, encodeId=488015045643, content=继续等待进一步结果, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=03a61969838, createdName=叮当猫生活, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 23:06:18 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150440, encodeId=e6c5150440d5, content=学习了啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 22:24:24 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150438, encodeId=06861504382f, content=肌肤之亲,肌肤相亲, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRrYOibkVibW9vAkCfb2F55aHjqMoqUVaF9fuXIMCxexawSOsicpbF7Ria7o54zPK65PodlkwhPrNhLhS/0, createdBy=12f71314239, createdName=ann y, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 22:23:39 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-22 大旺旺

    学习了啊

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1568868, encodeId=31c615688682f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8a53e209452' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72094, encryptionId=8a53e209452, topicName=皮肤细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=635f15466557, createdName=marongnuan, createdTime=Mon Oct 24 12:25:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150695, encodeId=70ad150695fe, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Sun Oct 23 22:14:30 CST 2016, time=2016-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150456, encodeId=488015045643, content=继续等待进一步结果, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=03a61969838, createdName=叮当猫生活, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 23:06:18 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150440, encodeId=e6c5150440d5, content=学习了啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e291719269, createdName=大旺旺, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 22:24:24 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=150438, encodeId=06861504382f, content=肌肤之亲,肌肤相亲, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRrYOibkVibW9vAkCfb2F55aHjqMoqUVaF9fuXIMCxexawSOsicpbF7Ria7o54zPK65PodlkwhPrNhLhS/0, createdBy=12f71314239, createdName=ann y, createdTime=Sat Oct 22 22:23:39 CST 2016, time=2016-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-22 ann y

    肌肤之亲,肌肤相亲

    0