JAMA子刊:青少年抗抑郁药和药物滥用情况严峻,仅有少数人进行治疗!

2021-10-22 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

患有严重抑郁症和SUD的青少年中,只有不到12%的人接受了这两种疾病的治疗。

重度抑郁症和药物使用障碍(SUD)都是在青少年时期首次出现的,并且都与青少年后期(如自我伤害、学业失败、暴力、自杀)和成年后(如性虐待、无家可归、失业、犯罪)的严重健康和社会后果有关。

新的研究记录了近年来青少年抑郁症的上升趋势,与此相反,SUD的总体下降趋势,但对它们在全国样本中的共同发生的趋势却知之甚少。鉴于抑郁症和SUD的严重后果,对其共同发生的常规监测对预防和干预至关重要。

近期,来自纽约市立大学医学院社区卫生和社会医学系的专家研究了美国青少年中共有的重度抑郁症和SUD治疗的时间趋势和社会人口学差异,结果发表在JAMA Network Open杂志上。

这项调查研究使用了2011-2019年全国药物使用和健康调查的年度横断面调查中12至17岁青少年的公开数据,以评估重度抑郁症发作(MDE)和SUD在不同时期的共同发生情况以及对这些情况中的一个或两个的治疗流行率。调查年限、青少年年龄、性别、种族和民族、保险类型、家庭年收入、家庭结构和居住稳定性。主要结果是存在和治疗共存的12个月MDE和SUD。

共有136262名青少年参加了2011年至2019年的调查,其中69584人(51.1%)为男孩,66678人(49.0%)为女孩,46548人(34.1%)年龄为16至17岁。从2011年到2019年,合并MDE和SUD的年度流行率保持稳定,在1.4%-1.7%之间。

在合并MDE和SUD的青少年中,MDE的治疗使用流行率仅从2011年的28.5%显著增加到2019年的42.5%(OR=1.07;95%CI,1.02-1.11),而SUD的治疗使用流行率仅从4.8%降至1.5%(OR=0.92;95%CI,0.85-0.99)。总的来说,两种情况的治疗使用率在4.5%和11.6%之间波动,没有明显的线性趋势(OR=0.95; 95% CI, 0.87-1.03)。

过去12个月内有严重抑郁症发作(MDE)和药物使用障碍(SUD)的青少年使用治疗的模式和趋势

此外,在过去的12个月中,搬家3次或更多次,与青少年接受这两种情况的治疗的几率较高有关(OR=2.52;95%CI,1.26-5.05)。

综上,从2011年到2019年,患有严重抑郁症和SUD的青少年中,只有不到12%的人接受了这两种疾病的治疗。

 

参考文献:

Trends and Disparities in Treatment for Co-occurring Major Depression and Substance Use Disorders Among US Adolescents From 2011 to 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(10):e2130280. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.30280

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    2022-08-04 zchen
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    2021-12-29 wetgdt
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