microRNA-103/107家族:在眼睛干细胞调节中至关重要

2016-12-29 佚名 来宝网

西北医学科学家展示了microRNA-103/107家族(或miR-103/107)如何调节富含干细胞的角膜缘上皮细胞的生物过程。发表在“细胞生物学”杂志上的研究首次链接自噬和巨噬细胞的细胞过程。细胞引发自噬,或“自食”,作为处置废物和作为应激反应的一种方式。在巨噬细胞增生中,细胞摄入大量的材料,包括流体,膜,细菌和病毒。皮肤病学教授Jack W. Graffin博士说“我们证明miR-103/1

西北医学科学家展示了microRNA-103/107家族(或miR-103/107)如何调节富含干细胞的角膜缘上皮细胞的生物过程。


发表在“细胞生物学”杂志上的研究首次链接自噬和巨噬细胞的细胞过程。细胞引发自噬,或“自食”,作为处置废物和作为应激反应的一种方式。在巨噬细胞增生中,细胞摄入大量的材料,包括流体,膜,细菌和病毒。


皮肤病学教授Jack W. Graffin博士说“我们证明miR-103/107对于终末期自噬的适当调节和防止过度的大细胞增多是非常重要的”。


以前,Lavker和他的团队发现这个microRNA家族在角膜缘上皮上优先表达,其中包含维持角膜上皮细胞的干细胞。这种miRNA家族有助于调节角膜缘上皮基底细胞分裂和维持这些细胞广泛增殖的能力。


通常,在细胞吞咽材料并摄取后,所形成的大空泡被回收,然而,在缺乏miR-103/107的细胞中,巨噬细胞来源的液泡保留在细胞内。


为了进一步了解为什么这些液泡持续存在于细胞中,科学家与Josh Rappoport在尼康成像中心合作,并使用超分辨率SIM显微镜观察液泡的形态。他们在空泡上发现与自噬相关的表面标记。通过进一步的测试,他们表明空泡留在细胞中由于dynamin定位的缺陷导致自噬的最后阶段失败。


在未来的研究,Lavker和他的团队计划研究自噬如何影响干细胞群体。他们还将研究这些过程如何在伤口愈合和角膜上皮疾病如:干眼和糖尿病中改变。


Lavker说:“我们是第一批研究这些角膜上皮过程基本机制的研究者”。这项工作将为调查整个自噬和巨噬细胞增多的旅程奠定基础。


原始出处:Jong Kook Park et al. MicroRNAs-103/107 coordinately regulate macropinocytosis and autophagy, The Journal of Cell Biology (2016). DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201604032 

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