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Nat Commun：突破常规认知！科学家们首次利用非卵细胞制造出胚胎组织

2016-09-18 佚名 生物谷

胚胎组织
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  图片来源：www.phys.org 近日，一项刊登于Nature Communications杂志上的研究报告中，来自英国巴斯大学的研究人员通过研究首次成功利用非卵细胞制造出了胚胎，这项研究发现挑战了两个世纪以来人们的传统的观点。 卵细胞可以被“诱骗”在不经过受精的条件下发育成为胚胎，但随之产生的名为parthenogenotes的胚胎在数天后会死亡，因为卵细胞需要精子所提供

 

图片来源：www.phys.org

近日，一项刊登于Nature Communications杂志上的研究报告中，来自英国巴斯大学的研究人员通过研究首次成功利用非卵细胞制造出了胚胎，这项研究发现挑战了两个世纪以来人们的传统的观点。

卵细胞可以被“诱骗”在不经过受精的条件下发育成为胚胎，但随之产生的名为parthenogenotes的胚胎在数天后会死亡，因为卵细胞需要精子所提供的关键发育过程并没有发生。然而本文研究中，研究人员开发了一种新方法，将精子注射到小鼠的parthenogenotes中，从而使得胚胎发育成为健康的幼年小鼠，而且成功率可以达到24%，而进行核移植的成功率只有2%。

分子胚胎学家Tony Perry指出，这项研究中我们通过研究首次通过将精子注射到胚胎中使得胚胎成功进行了完整地发育；人们一直认为仅仅卵细胞才能够对精子进行重编程从而促进胚胎发育，这项研究中我们就挑战了常规的认知，大约1827年时早期的胚胎学家们就观察到了哺乳动物的卵细胞，50年后他们又观察到了受精过程，即仅有1个卵细胞会同精细胞进行受精作用来使得哺乳动物出生。

研究者说道，利用这种技术制造的新生小鼠是完全健康的，但相比正常受精作用产生的小鼠而言，其机体细胞中的DNA却携带有不同的表观遗传学标记，这就表明，不同的表观遗传学通路就会引发相同的发育终点。这项研究对于未来研究有着一定的伦理寓意，即人类的parthenogenotes能够被用作胚胎干细胞的来源，因为其并不能生存，同时研究者还指出，未来我们或许就能够利用非卵细胞和精子在多种动物品种进行实验，尽管这仅仅是一个想法而已，但其对于人类的生育治疗以及濒危物种的延续或将提供一定帮助。

最后研究者Paul Colville-Nash说道，这项研究让人非常激动，其能够帮助我们理解更多关于人类生命起源的事件、控制胚胎活力的机制以及不孕不育发生的机制等，我们相信终有一天科学家们能够开发出治疗多种不孕不育的疗法以及治疗其他疾病的新型个体化疗法。

原始出处

Toru Suzuki, Maki Asami, Martin Hoffmann, Xin Lu, Miodrag Gužvić, Christoph A. Klein & Anthony C. F. Perry.Mice produced by mitotic reprogramming of sperm injected into haploid parthenogenotes.Nat Commun.2016

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    2017-01-07 liuli5079

    #COMMUN#

    0

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    2017-07-11 liye789132251

    #Nat#

    0

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    2016-09-27 童小孩

    学习了，很受益，谢谢分享，继续关注中！

    0

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    2016-09-20 ailian1202

    #胚胎#

    0

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    2016-09-20 hxzhang

    #卵细胞#

    0