NAT MED:食欲太旺盛?怪这个激素!

2017-11-07 海北 MedSci原创

鉴于食物的稀缺性,饥饿生存的能力是进化的一个关键驱动力。哺乳动物通过激活由一系列激素精确协调的大量相互关联的过程来应对饥饿。

鉴于食物的稀缺性,饥饿生存的能力是进化的一个关键驱动力。哺乳动物通过激活由一系列激素精确协调的大量相互关联的过程来应对饥饿。在禁食的早期阶段,有两个协调过程,对食欲的刺激和肝葡萄糖的释放。两者一起保证了获取食物的驱动力,保持觅食时大脑的营养和警觉。 白脂素(Asprosin)是最近发现的一个促进肝葡萄糖产生的禁食诱导的激素。来自贝勒医学院的研究人员发现,在循环中的asprosin能够穿越血脑屏障,并通过依赖cAMP的途径直接激活开胃的AgRP +神经元。这种信号传导以GABA依赖的方式,抑制下游的导致食欲不振的阿片-促黑素细胞皮质素原(POMC)阳性神经元,从而导致食欲刺激,驱动脂肪和体重的积累。 在人体中,天冬酰胺酶的遗传缺陷会引起以食欲不振和极度瘦弱为特征的综合征。携带相似突变的小鼠能够模拟该表型。这些小鼠可以完全被白脂素治愈。此外,研究人员发现,肥胖的人类和小鼠具有病理性升高的循环白脂素浓度。如果利用单克隆抗体中和血液中的白脂素,可以减少肥胖小鼠的食欲和体重,还能够改善其血糖谱。 因此,除了执行葡萄糖生成功能之外,白脂素是中枢作用的食欲激素,其是治疗肥胖症和糖尿病的潜在治疗靶标。

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    2018-03-06 一叶知秋
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    2017-11-09 虈亣靌

    谢谢分享谢谢分享

    0

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