J Watch:ECT或药物用于难治性双相抑郁症?

2015-03-02 高晓方 编译 医学论坛网

两治疗组的缓解率相似,百分比之低令人失望,但多达两倍的患者对电休克疗法产生应答。 难治性双相抑郁症困扰着患者和临床医生。在挪威一项为期6周、多地点、公共基金资助的研究中,研究者随机给予73例难治性双相障碍I或II型患者电休克治疗(ECT;≤18个疗程),或按治疗流程的个体化精神药物治疗(男性51%;双相障碍I型40%;平均年龄48岁;平均病程30年;平均终生抑郁发作20次)。难治性被

两治疗组的缓解率相似,百分比之低令人失望,但多达两倍的患者对电休克疗法产生应答。

难治性双相抑郁症困扰着患者和临床医生。在挪威一项为期6周、多地点、公共基金资助的研究中,研究者随机给予73例难治性双相障碍I或II型患者电休克治疗(ECT;≤18个疗程),或按治疗流程的个体化精神药物治疗(男性51%;双相障碍I型40%;平均年龄48岁;平均病程30年;平均终生抑郁发作20次)。难治性被定义为终生对两次双相抑郁有效情绪稳定剂(拉莫三嗪、锂剂、奥氮平或喹硫平)和/或抗抑郁药试验无应答。  

在最终意向治疗组的66例患者中,仅43例完成了治疗。ECT组患者平均接受10.6次治疗。33例药物治疗组患者联合应用了包括锂盐(11例)、拉莫三嗪(29例)、丙戊酸盐(9例)、喹硫平(19例)、奥氮平(12例)、文拉法辛(5例)、氟西汀(5例)、米氮平(5例)、安非他酮(3例)、西酞普兰(2例)、依他普伦(2例)以及舍曲林、奋乃静和阿立哌唑(各1例)等药物。  

在6周时,ECT在主要转归方面显示出显著获益(混合效应分析)。ECT实现的应答率(蒙哥马利抑郁评定量表[MADRS]评分降低≥50%)显著高于药物治疗(74%对35%),但两组患者的缓解情况(MADRS≤12)相似(35%和30%)。药物治疗组的不良反应发生率几乎为ECT的两倍。 

评论  

此项复杂的短期研究具有明显局限性,并且样本数太少,无法进行有意义的亚组应答分析(例如依据疾病类型或药物)。在两组患者中脱失率之高令人失望,并且仅有少数达到缓解;但是,ECT明显更高的应答率(需治疗3人)可能使许多患者获益。治疗流程并未排除可选方案(例如单胺氧化酶抑制剂、莫达非尼、鲁拉西酮和光疗法的多种应用)。尚不清楚ECT和药物治疗联合和/或延长治疗时间能否产生更大效益。目前迫切需要治疗预测性生物标志物和更为有效的治疗。

原始出处:

ECT or Pharmacotherapy for Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression? 


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    2015-03-04 freve
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