Cell Reports :科学家发现无用DNA和RNA在癌症中的惊人影响

2017-04-02 MedSci MedSci原创

人类的卫星II”是一个非常高的副本,但人类基因组的认为是“垃圾DNA的未知序列,具有惊人的能力,来影响我们的基因组的主监管机构,它就会出错百分之50的肿瘤,根据马萨诸塞大学医学院的科学家一项新的研究报告发表在细胞。

马萨诸塞大学医学院的科学家最近在《Cell Reports》上发表了一项新的研究。"人类卫星II" 被认为是"无用基因",是一组虽有很高的拷贝但未被开发的人类基因组序列。研究发现其在基因组的监管方面具有惊人的能力,50%的肿瘤中发现有该错误基因。监管失控时,癌细胞中这些重复核苷酸序列的大片段将主调控蛋白结合成大的核体。这可能导致表观遗传学不稳定性--基因调控的变化--这是许多癌症进展的动力。

"这些卫星重复就像分子海绵一样,是控制其他基因表达的主要调控因子。" 神经学教授珍妮劳伦斯博士说。"随着时间的推移,细胞的年龄和分化,这些变化可能导致某些癌症相关基因被激活,使表观遗传学不稳定。

人类基因组中存在一个尚未被完全测序和描绘的巨大空白框,HSAT-II由数百万份小序列拷贝数组成,这些拷贝大量存在于一些染色体中,可以在显微镜下直接观察到,尤其是1号染色体中。因为HSAT-II DNA通常是甲基化的(一种形式的基因调控),在健康细胞中处于休眠状态。因此,HSAT-II尚未得到广泛研究,且被认为没有功能。事实上,标准的基因组实验有意忽略了HSAT-II的作用。

为了了解重复的"垃圾DNA"是否具有功能,劳伦斯实验室使用荧光原位杂交(FISH)来跟踪RNA,并发现在研究的所有肿瘤的中,有一半有HSAT-II表达并且其RNA聚集形成大核体。为了理解为什么HSAT-II在癌症中被错配,劳伦斯博士,神经病学副教授Lisa Hall-Anderson博士和研究员Meg Byron进行了HSAT-II DNA的脱甲基化研究,这在癌症中是常见的,但没有想到具有功能性作用。他们发现,当脱甲基化时,HSAT-II DNA"沉积"称为PRC1(细胞因子1的蛋白调节因子)的重要调节复合物,HSATII RNA与MeCP2(甲基CpG结合蛋白2)错配,结果产生两种癌症相关核体。

Hall-Anderson博士说:"我们基因组中这个重复的'垃圾'是一个巨大的空白点,其序列尚未被描述。研究人员很少关注它们。这种垃圾也可能是控制我们基因的一个重要因素。"

劳伦斯补充说:"在癌症生物学中,基因组不稳定是一个研究重点。然而,这不仅仅是DNA序列的改变,也是一种出错调节。 如果序列是正确的基因是否发生错配无关紧要。这表明,表观基因组可以自身形成,并且在癌症的形成中发挥重要作用。"

虽然这项工作指向了癌症研究的新方向,但劳伦斯及其同事认为,这也将促使人们开始研究HSAT-II在健康细胞发育中的作用。

原文出处: Lisa L. Hall et al. Demethylated HSATII DNA and HSATII RNA Foci Sequester PRC1 and MeCP2 into Cancer-Specific Nuclear Bodies, Cell Reports (2017).

此文系梅斯医学(MedSci)原创编译整理,转载需授权!

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1960104, encodeId=e85c196010460, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Sat May 20 15:32:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869845, encodeId=0bcf186984514, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Wed May 17 19:32:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1802408, encodeId=b12418024083e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=acfae485578' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科学家发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74855, encryptionId=acfae485578, topicName=科学家发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e572480, createdName=旅苦化文_208, createdTime=Fri Feb 23 11:32:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184904, encodeId=574418490463, content=学习了,多谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOWcPEsEP4FrvDcicue5V6rMkmXmY73KjYP59vQrEdjU89iaN4ZkOhsItlHkmGTjhV3b5S3zOQA4E0/0, createdBy=cc261682151, createdName=卡圣, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 16:50:51 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-20 智慧医人
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1960104, encodeId=e85c196010460, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Sat May 20 15:32:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869845, encodeId=0bcf186984514, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Wed May 17 19:32:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1802408, encodeId=b12418024083e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=acfae485578' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科学家发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74855, encryptionId=acfae485578, topicName=科学家发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e572480, createdName=旅苦化文_208, createdTime=Fri Feb 23 11:32:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184904, encodeId=574418490463, content=学习了,多谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOWcPEsEP4FrvDcicue5V6rMkmXmY73KjYP59vQrEdjU89iaN4ZkOhsItlHkmGTjhV3b5S3zOQA4E0/0, createdBy=cc261682151, createdName=卡圣, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 16:50:51 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1960104, encodeId=e85c196010460, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Sat May 20 15:32:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869845, encodeId=0bcf186984514, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Wed May 17 19:32:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1802408, encodeId=b12418024083e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=acfae485578' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科学家发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74855, encryptionId=acfae485578, topicName=科学家发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e572480, createdName=旅苦化文_208, createdTime=Fri Feb 23 11:32:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184904, encodeId=574418490463, content=学习了,多谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOWcPEsEP4FrvDcicue5V6rMkmXmY73KjYP59vQrEdjU89iaN4ZkOhsItlHkmGTjhV3b5S3zOQA4E0/0, createdBy=cc261682151, createdName=卡圣, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 16:50:51 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1960104, encodeId=e85c196010460, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Sat May 20 15:32:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869845, encodeId=0bcf186984514, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Wed May 17 19:32:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1802408, encodeId=b12418024083e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=acfae485578' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科学家发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74855, encryptionId=acfae485578, topicName=科学家发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e572480, createdName=旅苦化文_208, createdTime=Fri Feb 23 11:32:00 CST 2018, time=2018-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184904, encodeId=574418490463, content=学习了,多谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuOWcPEsEP4FrvDcicue5V6rMkmXmY73KjYP59vQrEdjU89iaN4ZkOhsItlHkmGTjhV3b5S3zOQA4E0/0, createdBy=cc261682151, createdName=卡圣, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 16:50:51 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-03 卡圣

    学习了,多谢分享

    0