Nature Commu:还伤口一个安全愈合环境——开放伤口的上皮细胞可无支撑愈合

2015-02-11 佚名 生物谷

皮肤不仅提供了针对外来物质和病原体的必要保护屏障,也有助于身体保留各种流体和电解质。当该屏障被破坏,后果可能是灾难性的。长时间的开放性伤口就可能会导致溃疡,出血和细菌感染。而现在,新加坡国立大学力学生物研究所的科学家们已经发现了一种机械力,能推动伤口上皮在无细胞支撑环境愈合。 上皮细胞层是能自我修复的。当表皮屏障的完整性受到损害时,相关的细胞机制会被启动以闭合间隙。细胞开始向前爬行,伤口周围

皮肤不仅提供了针对外来物质和病原体的必要保护屏障,也有助于身体保留各种流体和电解质。当该屏障被破坏,后果可能是灾难性的。长时间的开放性伤口就可能会导致溃疡,出血和细菌感染。而现在,新加坡国立大学力学生物研究所的科学家们已经发现了一种机械力,能推动伤口上皮在无细胞支撑环境愈合。

上皮细胞层是能自我修复的。当表皮屏障的完整性受到损害时,相关的细胞机制会被启动以闭合间隙。细胞开始向前爬行,伤口周围细胞距离拉近。在大多数情况下,健康的外皮细胞进行伤口修复时候需要依靠它们下面的支撑层。这个支撑层包括粘蛋白,以及细胞外基质(ECM)。

然而,在慢性或严重创伤的情况下,支撑层也被损坏,导致周围的细胞无法更换ECM蛋白。支撑层破坏产生的组织间隙,被称为非粘附的间隙( Non-Adherent Gaps),仍然在被修复,不过是以较慢的速度,并伴有感染或其他并发症的可能性。所以问题是怎么在支撑层损坏或ECM侵蚀的情况下使上皮细胞屏障闭合?

新加坡国立大学力学生物研究所Lim教授联合其他几位教授针对这个问题进行了深入的探究。他们的研究结果表明,非粘附间隙的闭合是以“荷包收缩”(purse-string contraction)的方式进行。采用细胞培养,结合微细加工和力测量,科研人员发现了在伤口间隙边缘的细胞在肌动球蛋白收缩力的驱动下,以“拔河”的方式封闭缺口。

图:“荷包收缩”,来源于新加坡国立大学

伤口非贴壁间隙边缘的上皮细胞仍附着ECM。这些细胞尽可能朝间隙中心蔓延。不过研究人员测量力的方向后显示,这些细胞实际上是在推离自身远离间隙。虽然这听起来不可思议,这种运动实际上在稳定细胞,为后期愈合做准备。如造桥一样,要想桥架从两端汇合于中间,就必须先在桥的两端打实基础给予能固定的支撑。一旦细胞在间隙周围已尽可能扩散,整块细胞就会以“荷包收缩”的形式闭合。这些上皮细胞产生的力反转,从一开始推离变为拉彼此朝向的间隙的中心运动。由于细胞向内移动,空隙区域减小,更多的肌动蛋白可以连接到伤口另一侧加速收缩,最终伤口完全闭合。

“拔河”的这一研究机制的发现提供了细胞如何产生的定向力的解释。慢性伤口,疮和溃疡是常见并发症,特别是那些与衰老相关的疾病。如果研究人员能更好地理解并利用该机制,这无疑会导致伤口愈合治疗的改善。

原始出处

Vedula SR1, Peyret G2, Cheddadi I3, Chen T1, Brugués A4, Hirata H1, Lopez-Menendez H5, Toyama Y6, Neves de Almeida L3, Trepat X7, Lim CT8, Ladoux B9.Mechanics of epithelial closure over non-adherent environments.Nat Commun. 2015 Jan 22;

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880502, encodeId=a7e718805025e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Apr 29 12:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=16592, encodeId=5df9165924f, content=很不错学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f2fb1607679, createdName=orthoW, createdTime=Fri Feb 20 09:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15768, encodeId=d56015e6811, content=以阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c68e1614119, createdName=windmilL1989, createdTime=Mon Feb 16 14:01:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1533809, encodeId=eafc1533809a2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4be9200308c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#上皮细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20030, encryptionId=4be9200308c, topicName=上皮细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3a5d12492718, createdName=lizhou0208, createdTime=Fri Feb 13 00:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-04-29 liye789132251
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880502, encodeId=a7e718805025e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Apr 29 12:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=16592, encodeId=5df9165924f, content=很不错学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f2fb1607679, createdName=orthoW, createdTime=Fri Feb 20 09:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15768, encodeId=d56015e6811, content=以阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c68e1614119, createdName=windmilL1989, createdTime=Mon Feb 16 14:01:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1533809, encodeId=eafc1533809a2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4be9200308c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#上皮细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20030, encryptionId=4be9200308c, topicName=上皮细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3a5d12492718, createdName=lizhou0208, createdTime=Fri Feb 13 00:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-02-20 orthoW

    很不错学习了

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880502, encodeId=a7e718805025e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Apr 29 12:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=16592, encodeId=5df9165924f, content=很不错学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f2fb1607679, createdName=orthoW, createdTime=Fri Feb 20 09:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15768, encodeId=d56015e6811, content=以阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c68e1614119, createdName=windmilL1989, createdTime=Mon Feb 16 14:01:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1533809, encodeId=eafc1533809a2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4be9200308c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#上皮细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20030, encryptionId=4be9200308c, topicName=上皮细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3a5d12492718, createdName=lizhou0208, createdTime=Fri Feb 13 00:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-02-16 windmilL1989

    以阅

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880502, encodeId=a7e718805025e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Apr 29 12:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=16592, encodeId=5df9165924f, content=很不错学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f2fb1607679, createdName=orthoW, createdTime=Fri Feb 20 09:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15768, encodeId=d56015e6811, content=以阅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c68e1614119, createdName=windmilL1989, createdTime=Mon Feb 16 14:01:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1533809, encodeId=eafc1533809a2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4be9200308c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#上皮细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20030, encryptionId=4be9200308c, topicName=上皮细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3a5d12492718, createdName=lizhou0208, createdTime=Fri Feb 13 00:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]