NEJM:3期临床试验证实中国手足口病疫苗安全有效

2014-03-06 xiaorong699 dxy

肠道病毒71型(EV71)是引发手足口病或咽峡炎的主要病原体之一。2008年EV71病毒在中国流行,共造成49万人感染,126人死亡。这些感染和死亡病例集中在3岁以下的婴幼儿。目前世界上尚无针对EV71病毒的特异性疫苗。 来自江苏省疾病预防控制中心、中国疾病预防控制中心、中国食品药品检定研究院等多家机构的科研人员研制出一种基于Vero细胞、以氢氧化铝为佐剂的EV71灭活疫苗。1期和2期临

肠道病毒71型(EV71)是引发手足口病或咽峡炎的主要病原体之一。2008年EV71病毒在中国流行,共造成49万人感染,126人死亡。这些感染和死亡病例集中在3岁以下的婴幼儿。目前世界上尚无针对EV71病毒的特异性疫苗。

来自江苏省疾病预防控制中心、中国疾病预防控制中心、中国食品药品检定研究院等多家机构的科研人员研制出一种基于Vero细胞、以氢氧化铝为佐剂的EV71灭活疫苗。1期和2期临床试验结果已经表明,该疫苗可诱导6-35月龄婴幼儿产生针对EV71的免疫反应,其安全性也得到了证实。近日,该EV71疫苗的3期临床试验结果再次肯定了其有效性、安全性和免疫原性。研究结果发表在2014年2月的NEJM杂志上。

该项随机双盲安慰剂对照的多中心试验,共纳入了10007名健康婴幼儿(6-35月龄),随机分为EV71疫苗组和安慰剂组。两组受试者均接受两次肌肉注射,相隔28天,观察期12个月。研究主要终点是EV71相关的手足口病或咽峡炎发病率。

表 EV71疫苗预防EV71相关手足口病和咽峡炎12个月的监测结果


结果显示,12个月的观察期内,5041名疫苗接种者中有13名出现EV71相关疾病(0.3%),而5028名安慰剂组婴幼儿中有106名出 现EV71相关疾病(2.1%)。疫苗预防EV71相关手足口病或咽峡炎的有效率为94.8%,预防EV71相关住院的有效率为100%(疫苗组0例,安慰剂组24例),预防手足口疾病与神经系统并发症的有效率也为100%(疫苗组0例,安慰剂组为8例)。

5044名疫苗组儿童共出现111例严重不良事件(2.2%),5033名安慰剂组儿童共出现131例严重不良事件(2.6%)。在接受肌注一周时间内,疫苗组不良事件(如发烧)发生率高于安慰剂组,为疫苗组41.6%,安慰剂组35.2%。

研究评估了549名疫苗组儿童的血清中和抗体,两次疫苗接种后4周血清转化率为100%,几何平均中和抗体滴度为170.6。当抗EV71中和抗体滴度达到1:16时,可对EV71相关手足口病或咽峡炎起到保护作用。1291名免疫原性亚组的儿童中有98.8%在研究第56天体内诱导出现了抗EV71免疫反应。

该3期临床试验结果表明,EV71疫苗可有效预防婴幼儿EV71相关手足口病或咽峡炎。

原始出处:
Zhu F1, Xu W, Xia J, Liang Z, Liu Y, Zhang X, Tan X, Wang L, Mao Q, Wu J, Hu Y, Ji T, Song L, Liang Q, Zhang B, Gao Q, Li J, Wang S, Hu Y, Gu S, Zhang J, Yao G, Gu J, Wang X, Zhou Y, Chen C, Zhang M, Cao M, Wang J, Wang H, Wang N.Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of an enterovirus 71 vaccine in China.N Engl J Med. 2014 Feb 27;370(9):818-28. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1304923.

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    2016-08-15 忠诚向上

    好好学习一下

    0

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    2016-08-15 忠诚向上

    好好学习一下

    0

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    2016-08-15 忠诚向上

    好好学习一下

    0

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    2014-03-17 lingqf
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