Emerg Microbes Infect.:我国科学家报道中国首例“超级真菌”感染病例——并非所有耳念珠菌都是“超级真菌

2018-05-23 真菌室 真菌学国家重点实验室

真菌感染是我国和全世界范围内临床医学中面临的重要威胁。耳念珠菌(Candida auris)是2009年日本发现的一种新病原真菌物种。因为该菌具有多重耐药和致死率高的特征,也被称为“超级真菌”。近年来,耳念珠菌在全世界不同国家快速传播,并导致严重的医院内感染。到目前为止,在全球5大洲至少20个国家已有临床感染病例的报道,其中包括中国、日本、美国、加拿大、英国、法国、西班牙、印度、巴基斯坦、韩国、南

真菌感染是我国和全世界范围内临床医学中面临的重要威胁。耳念珠菌(Candida auris)是2009年日本发现的一种新病原真菌物种。因为该菌具有多重耐药和致死率高的特征,也被称为“超级真菌”。近年来,耳念珠菌在全世界不同国家快速传播,并导致严重的医院内感染。到目前为止,在全球5大洲至少20个国家已有临床感染病例的报道,其中包括中国、日本、美国、加拿大、英国、法国、西班牙、印度、巴基斯坦、韩国、南非、科威特和以色列等国家。“超级真菌”主要特点包括:

(1)生态源头不清楚,自然环境中目前还分离不到该菌,国际同行推测该菌是近年来进化出来的、能快速地适应并定植于人体的新物种。

(2)大部分菌株对目前临床上常用的三大抗真菌药物均具有耐药性(包括唑类、多烯类和棘白霉素类药物),从而导致治疗失败和60%以上的致死率。

(3)诊断和鉴定困难。临床实验室传统的形态和生化诊断方法常错误地鉴定为其他念珠菌。

(4)它能长时间存活于患者和医护人员的皮肤及医院设施表面,从而导致院内爆发性感染。

近年来,“超级真菌”的感染问题引起了全世界临床和基础研究的科学家以及疾病防控部门的高度关注。

最近,北京大学人民医院王辉教授和中国科学院微生物研究所真菌学国家重点实验室黄广华研究员带领的团队通过合作研究,报道了中国首例“超级真菌”感染病例,并对该菌的临床和生物学特征做了系统分析,研究了中国第一株“超级真菌(BJCA001)”的形态、毒性因子、耐药性以及致病性特征。





该菌株是从一位患有肾病综合征和高血压的76岁患者的支气管肺泡灌洗液中分离得到的。

系统发育分析发现,中国菌株与印度、巴基斯坦和法国等国家的分离株亲缘关系比较接近。幸运的是,与多个国家报道的多重耐药菌株不同,中国菌株BJCA001对临床上常用的抗真菌药物普遍比较敏感。此外,还发现硫酸铜对“超级真菌”具有很强的生长抑制效果,该发现为医院内感染防治提供了新途径。

形态分析发现,“超级真菌”具有多种细胞形态,包括球形、椭球形和伸长型细胞。在高浓度氯化钠条件下,细胞还展现出假菌丝的形态。在对小鼠和大蜡螟感染模型研究中发现,“超级真菌”中国分离株在毒性方面比临床上常见的白色念珠菌弱;但在42℃高温下,仍然可以分泌大量的毒性因子胞外蛋白酶。

该研究为我国临床“超级真菌”感染的防治提供了新的思路,也为国际同行进一步开展该菌的生物学研究开拓了新方法。该成果最近发表在国际杂志Emerging Microbes & Infections上。北京大学人民医院的王晓娟、中国科学院微生物研究所邴健博士以及博士生郑秋实为共同第一作者,北京大学人民医院王辉教授和中国科学院微生物研究所黄广华研究员为共同通讯作者。

通讯作者介绍:

王辉,北京大学人民医院检验科主任、教授、博导,北京大学医学部检验学系主任,国家自然科学基金杰出青年获得者,中华医学会微生物学和免疫学分会常委兼临床微生物学组组长,美国临床和实验室标准化协会(CLSI)药敏委员会折点工作组委员。

黄广华博士,中国科学院微生物研究所研究员、博导,中科院“百人计划”入选者(终期评估优秀),国家自然科学基金委“优秀青年基金(2013)”和“杰出青年基金(2016)”获得者。长期以来从事人体致病性念珠菌分子致病机理研究。2011年回国以来,在 PLoS Biology 和 PLoS Genetics 等杂志发表通讯作者文章20余篇。Nature Reviews Microbiology 杂志和 Faculty of 1000 网站多次介绍和评论过这些文章。2014年获得国际菌物学会“青年科学家奖”。

原始出处:
Wang X, Bing J, Zheng Q,et al.The first isolate of Candida auris in China: clinical and biological aspects.Emerg Microbes Infect. 2018 May 18;7(1):93. doi: 10.1038/s41426-018-0095-0.

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    2018-08-15 柳叶一刀
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    2018-07-13 xjy02
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    2018-06-13 沙漠浪人

    超级真菌

    0

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    2018-05-28 沙漠浪人

    超级细菌.超级真菌

    0

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    2018-05-25 zhaojie88
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    2018-05-25 xugc
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    2018-05-24 吴教授

    耳念珠菌.学习了

    0

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    2018-05-24 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    了解了解.学习学习

    0

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由澳大利亚Macquarie大学的研究人员领导的一项研究揭示了一种新方法,通过测试蛋白质水平来检测一个人是否服用了人生长激素(GH)。具体来说,研究人员利用蛋白质组学来发现当一个人服用重组人生长激素时哪些蛋白水平改变。相关文章8月30日发表在Scientific Reports上。世界反兴奋剂组织 (WADA )颁布的兴奋剂目录中的肽类激素包含了人生长激素。人生长激素由垂体分泌产生,最主要的生理功

NAT COMMUN:科学家利用干细胞使肌肉重生!

据“自然通讯”杂志发表的一篇西北医学研究报告,特定程序化的干细胞显示了肌肉萎缩症中恢复肌肉质量的潜力。

“医学科学家”许琪:“高效”是她人生的关键词

2018年给了青年科学家许琪一个开门红。

新年伊始,中国医学科学院基础医学研究所研究员、北京协和医学院“协和学者”特聘教授许琪就接连获得了两项荣誉,入围“***奖励计划”,获得第十四届“中国青年女科学家”奖项。

这些成绩似乎让许琪成为“人生赢家”,有人觉得命运对她太过眷顾,但事实上她成功的秘诀都掌握在自己手里,“高效”是她人生的关键词之一。

24小时高效学习法

许琪5岁就认定自己长大要当科学家,“去研究那些别人搞不懂的事情”。

“我教许琪数数,教到20,她就会自己往下数21、22……我教她拨算盘,她自己就